Antiretroviral Drug Chart - Aidsmap
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1Generic name
Trade name
Formulation
Standard adult dose
Pills/day Major side-effects
Food restrictions
Single-tablet regimens
Efavirenz /
Common: Sleep disturbances, tiredness, abnormal dreams, impaired concentration, dizziness,
Atripla
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
1
Take on an empty
600mg efavirenz,
rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, anxiety, depression, raised creatine kinase levels,
stomach, preferably
emtricitabine /
200mg emtricitabine and
skin darkening, low blood phosphate levels, weakness, stomach pains, bloating, flatulence
at bedtime
tenofovir disoproxil
Rare: Allergic reaction, abdominal pain, psychosis, liver inflammation
245mg tenofovir disoproxil
Rilpivirine /
Eviplera
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dizziness, insomnia, headache, weakness, rash,
Take with food
25mg rilpivirine,
stomach pains, fatigue, bloating, flatulence, changes in kidney function, raised creatine kinase
emtricitabine /
200mg emtricitabine and
levels, low blood phosphate levels, skin darkening, mood changes, depression
tenofovir disoproxil
245mg tenofovir disoproxil
Rare: Changes in heart rhythm, known as QT prolongation
Rilpivirine /
Odefsey
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Reduced white and red blood cell count and platelets, raised lipids, tiredness,
Take with food
25mg rilpivirine,
insomnia, depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, flatulence, dry
tenofovir alafenamide
25mg tenofovir alafenamide,
mouth, raised amylase levels, liver enzymes and bilirubin, rash
/ emtricitabine
200mg emtricitabine
Rare: Severe rash and fever, anaemia
Elvitegravir / cobicistat
Tablet comprising 150mg
1
Common: Nausea, abnormal dreams, headache, dizziness, diarrhoea, vomiting, stomach pain,
Take with food
Genvoya
One tablet once a day
elvitegravir, 150mg
wind, rash, tiredness
/ emtricitabine /
cobicistat, 200mg
Rare: Anaemia, depression, swelling of the skin, face, lips, tongue or throat
tenofovir alafenamide
emtricitabine, 10mg
tenofovir alafenamide
Elvitegravir /cobicistat
1
Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, abnormal dreams, headache, fatigue, dizziness, insomnia, rash,
Stribild
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
Take with food
150mg elvitegravir,
flatulence, sleepiness
/ emtricitabine /
Rare: Serious liver problems, kidney problems, bone thinning
150mg cobicistat,
tenofovir disoproxil
200mg emtricitabine,
245mg tenofovir disoproxil
Dolutegravir /
Triumeq
Tablet comprising 50mg
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Insomnia (difficulty sleeping), headache, diarrhoea, nausea, fatigue, rash, itching,
Take with or
dolutegravir,
vomiting, stomach pain, drowsiness, dizziness, hair loss, depression, flatulence, muscle pain and
without food
abacavir /
600mg abacavir
discomfort, joint pain, an irritated or runny nose, indigestion, loss of appetite
lamivudine
and 300mg lamivudine
Rare: Inflammation of the liver or pancreas, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, severe rash
Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Abacavir
Ziagen
300mg tablet
300mg twice a day
2
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, headache, abdominal pain, tiredness, loss of
Take with or
or 600mg once a day
appetite
without food
Rare: Hypersensitivity reaction, lactic acidosis
Emtricitabine
Emtriva
200mg capsule
200mg once a day
1
Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, headache, raised creatine kinase levels, skin darkening
Take with or
Rare: Lactic acidosis, liver damage
without food
Lamivudine
Epivir
150* and 300mg tablets
150mg twice a day
2
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, abdominal pain, hair loss, fever, insomnia
Take with or
or 300mg once a day
1
(difficulty sleeping), rash, tiredness, joint pain
without food
Rare: Lactic acidosis, liver damage
Zidovudine
Retrovir
100 and 250mg* capsules
250mg twice a day
2
Common: Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, headache, dizziness, weakness, muscle pain, loss of
Take with or
appetite, fever
without food
Rare: Blood disorders, lipoatrophy, lactic acidosis
Tenofovir disoproxil
Viread
245mg tablet
245mg once a day
1
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, flatulence, dizziness, low blood phosphate levels,
Take with food
weakness, rash, headache, stomach pains, fatigue, bloating
Rare: Kidney problems, bone thinning
NRTI fixed-dose combinations
Abacavir /
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, headache, stomach pains, tiredness, loss of
Kivexa
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
1
Take with or
600mg abacavir
appetite, hair loss, cough, runny nose, insomnia (difficulty sleeping), rash, joint pain, muscle
without food
lamivudine
and 300mg lamivudine
pain, hypersensitivity reaction
Rare: Lactic acidosis, liver damage
Abacavir /
Trizivir
Tablet comprising
One tablet twice a day
2
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, headache, stomach pains, tiredness, loss of
Take with or
300mg abacavir,
appetite, hair loss, cough, runny nose, insomnia (difficulty sleeping), rash, joint pain, dizziness,
without food
lamivudine /
150mg lamivudine and
muscle pain, hypersensitivity reaction
zidovudine
300mg zidovudine
Rare: Lactic acidosis, liver damage, blood disorders, lipoatrophy
Emtricitabine /
Truvada
Tablet comprising
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, flatulence, dizziness, low blood phosphate levels,
Best taken with food,
200mg emtricitabine and
weakness, rash, headache, raised creatine kinase levels, rashes, skin darkening, stomach pains,
but can be taken on an
tenofovir disoproxil
245mg tenofovir disoproxil
difficulty sleeping, bloating
empty stomach
Rare: Lactic acidosis, liver damage, kidney problems, bone thinning
Emtricitabine /
Tablet comprising 200mg
1
Common: Nausea, abnormal dreams, headache, dizziness, diarrhoea, vomiting, stomach pain,
Descovy
One tablet once a day. The 10mg version is
Take with or
emtricitabine and 10mg
recommended for use in combination with
flatulence, rash, tiredness
without food
tenofovir alafenamide
or 25mg* tenofovir
some boosted protease inhibitors.
Rare: Anaemia, swelling of the skin, face, lips, tongue or throat, joint pain
alafenamide
Lamivudine /
Combivir
Tablet comprising
One tablet twice a day
2
Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, stomach pains, hair loss, fever, insomnia
Take with or
150mg lamivudine and
(difficulty sleeping), cough, runny nose, rash, tiredness, joint pain, dizziness, muscle pain, loss
without food
zidovudine
300mg zidovudine
of appetite
Rare: Blood disorders, lipoatrophy, lactic acidosis, liver damage
Integrase inhibitors
Dolutegravir
50mg once a day or 50mg twice a day if
1 or 2
Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, headache, rash, itching, vomiting, stomach pain or discomfort,
Tivicay
50mg tablet
Take with or
taken with efavirenz, nevirapine
insomnia, dizziness, abnormal dreams, fatigue, flatulence, increase in liver and muscle enzymes.
without food
or tipranavir, or for HIV known to be
Rare: Allergic reaction, liver problems
resistant to integrase inhibitors
Raltegravir
Isentress
400mg tablet
400mg twice a day
2
Common: Headache, insomnia (difficulty sleeping)
Take with or
Rare: Severe rash, hypersensitivity reaction, extreme thirst
without food
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Efavirenz
Sustiva
600mg tablet* and
600mg once a day
1 or 3
Common: Rash, dizziness, sleep disturbance, abnormal dreams, impaired concentration,
Take on an empty
Stocrin
200mg capsule
nausea, vomiting, headache, tiredness, diarrhoea, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts
stomach, preferably
Rare: Psychosis, severe rash, liver problems
at bedtime
Etravirine
Intelence
100 and 200mg* tablet
200mg twice daily
2 or 4
Common: Rash, peripheral neuropathy
Take with food
Rare: Severe rash (Stevens Johnson syndrome)
Nevirapine
Viramune
200mg tablet
200mg once a day for two weeks
2
Common: Liver toxicity, allergic reaction, rash, nausea, headache, fatigue, stomach pain,
Take with or
then 200mg twice a day
diarrhoea
without food
Rare: Severe rash (Stevens Johnson syndrome)
Nevirapine
Viramune
400mg tablet
400mg once a day after introductory
1
Common: Liver toxicity, allergic reaction, rash, nausea, headache, fatigue, stomach pain,
Swallow whole.
prolonged-
period on non-extended-release
diarrhoea
Take with or
release
nevirapine
Rare: Severe rash (Stevens Johnson syndrome)
without food
Rilpivirine
1
Common: Insomnia (difficulty sleeping), headache, rash, raised liver enzymes, depression,
Edurant
25mg tablet
25mg once a day
Take with a meal
dizziness, stomach pains, vomiting
Rare: At doses above 25mg may cause a disturbance to the heart rhythm
Protease inhibitors
Atazanavir
Reyataz
150, 200 and 300mg*
300mg with 100mg ritonavir once a day
2 or 3 § Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, rash, stomach ache, headache, insomnia (difficulty sleeping),
Take with food
capsule
vomiting, hyperbilirubinaemia, lipodystrophy, liver toxicity, diabetes
Rare: Kidney stones, kidney problems, abnormal liver function, changes in heart rhythm
Darunavir
2 to 4 § Common: Diarrhoea, nausea, rash, stomach pain, vomiting, headache, lipodystrophy, liver
Prezista
600, and 800mg* tablet
800mg with 100mg ritonavir once a
Take with food
day or 600mg with 100mg ritonavir
toxicity, diabetes, fever
Rare: Abnormal liver function, changes in heart rhythm
twice a day
Darunavir /
Rezolsta
Tablet comprising 800mg
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Diarrhoea, nausea, rash, itching, stomach pain, vomiting, flatulence, headache, muscle
Take with food
darunavir and 150mg
pain, bone problems, tiredness, loss of appetite, abnormal dreams, diabetes
cobicistat
cobicistat
Rare: Liver problems, severe rash
Fosamprenavir
Telzir
700mg tablet
700mg with 100mg ritonavir
4 §
Common: Raised lipids, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, rash, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness,
Take with or
twice a day
tiredness, tingling around the mouth, changes in liver and pancreas function, lipodystrophy, liver
without food
toxicity, diabetes
Rare: Severe rash, changes in heart rhythm
Lopinavir /
4
Common: Lipodystrophy, raised liver enzymes, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain,
Kaletra
Tablet comprising 200mg
Two tablets twice a day
Swallow whole.
or four tablets once a day
lopinavir and 50mg
weakness, heartburn, headache, raised lipids, liver toxicity, diabetes
Take with or
ritonavir
Rare: Changes in heart rhythm
ritonavir
without food
Atazanavir /
Evotaz
Tablet comprising 300mg
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and/or eyes), nausea, high blood sugar, increased
Take with food
atazanavir, 150mg
appetite, change of taste, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, sleep problems, vomiting, diarrhoea,
cobicistat
cobicistat
stomach problems, hyperbilirubinaemia, rash, lipodystrophy, fatigue
Rare: Irregular heart beat, severe rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), liver problems, kidney
problems, kidney stones, muscle aches or weakness, swelling of the skin, face, lips, tongue or throat
CCR5 inhibitor
Maraviroc
Celsentri
150* and 300mg tablets
300mg twice a day or 150mg twice a day
2 to 4
Common: Nausea, diarrhoea, fatigue, headache
Take with or
with ritonavir-boosted PI except tipranavir
Rare: Allergic reaction, liver problems
without food
and fosamprenavir or 600mg twice a day
with efavirenz or etravirine without a
ritonavir-boosted PI
Booster drugs
Cobicistat
Tybost
150mg tablet
One tablet once a day
1
Common: Nausea, jaundice, high sugar levels in the blood, increased appetite, disturbed sense
Take with food
of taste, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach pain, indigestion, feeling
bloated, flatulence, rash, difficulty sleeping, abnormal dreams, drowsiness, tiredness
Rare: Blood in the urine, protein in the urine, feeling depressed, itchiness, aching muscles,
weakness, kidney stones, fever
Ritonavir
Norvir
100mg tablet
To ‘boost’ other PIs: 100 – 200mg
1 to 4
Common (at low dose): Raised lipid levels
Swallow whole.
once or twice a day
Rare: Changes in heart rhythm
Take with food to avoid
nausea
*Formulation(s) shown.
§ Includes ritonavir tablet(s).
Generic versions of some drugs are available so appearances may vary.
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