Chapter 8 Study Guide

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Chapter 8 Study Guide
Answer Key
Directions: Answer the following questions. You do not have to write in complete sentences but be clear in
your answer.
Answers are in italics.
Section 1 – Chromosomes
1. Name the structure “A” in the diagram.
Centromere
2. Name the structure “B” in the diagram.
Chromotids
3. The diagram is showing an “X” shaped chromosome. When during the
cell cycle will you see an “X” shaped chromosome?
Cell division (specifically
prophase and metaphase.
A.
4. In order to fit in the cell DNA must become more compact. How does
happen?
It coils and twists around histones (proteins).
5. Fill in the chart below:
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Give an
Any animal or plant
Bacteria
B.
example:
X shaped during cell
Shape of
O or circle shaped
divison
chromosome:
Where is
chromosome
Attached to cell membrane in
In the nucleus
located within
the cytosol
the cell?
Method of cell
Mitosis with cytokinesis
Binary Fission with cytokinesis
division:
6. In the karyotype on the right:
a. Circle the sex chromosomes in blue.
b. Draw a box around all the autosomes in red.
c. Draw a circle around each set of homologues in green.
7. What can we learn from a karyotype?
We can learn about general genetic disorders that are evident in the shape or
number of chromosomes. We cannot see traits such as hair and eye color.
8. Fill in the following chart:
Diploid
Haploid
Any body cell
Sex cells,
Give an
(hair, skin, brain, bone)
Sperm or egg
example:
Number of
chromosome
2
1
sets:
Made by what
Mitosis
Meiosis
process?
Symbol?
n
2n
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