Vocabulary - The Periodic Table
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Vocabulary
STUDENT RESOURCE 4.1
INFORMATION SHEET
atomic number the number of protons
period a row on the periodic table
contained in an atom of an element
Elements in a period on the periodic
An atom of iron contains 26 protons,
table change in properties as you go
so the atomic number of iron is 26.
across the row from left to right. But
Atomic number is used in identifying
when you reach the end of a row and
atoms.
start the next row, the properties of the
elements start over in a pattern like the
element a pure substance made of only
row above it.
one type of atom
Copper, helium, calcium, and neon
periodic table of the elements a chart
are all types of elements. Each element is
that shows all the elements arranged by
made up of one kind of atom. A copper
atomic number and by properties
atom is different from a gold atom.
The periodic table was developed by
the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.
group a column on the periodic table
The chart shows all the known elements
The elements in a group on the
on Earth. The elements are arranged
periodic table have similar properties.
according to their atomic numbers and
For example, fl uorine and chlorine are
their properties.
in the same group. Both elements tend
to react with the same elements and are
gases at room temperature.
CHEMISTRY • SECTION 4 THE PERIODIC TABLE
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