Vocabulary - Digestion
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Vocabulary
STUDENT RESOURCE 3.1
INFORMATION SHEET
esophagus the tube that leads from the
saliva the liquid that starts digestion in
mouth to the stomach
the mouth
The esophagus has muscles that
Saliva contains a digestive juice that
contract to push food along.
breaks down starch into sugar.
large intestine the digestive organ that
small intestine the digestive organ that
removes extra water from wastes
fi nishes breaking down food and takes
The large intestine is also called the
nutrients into the bloodstream
colon. It is about fi ve feet long.
The small intestine is lined with
tiny fi nger-like villi. These structures
liver the digestive organ that makes bile
have many blood vessels for absorbing
to break down fats
nutrients.
Besides making bile, the liver stores
sugar until the body needs it. The liver
stomach the digestive organ that churns
also helps the body get rid of harmful
food and mixes it with digestive juices
substances.
The stomach turns food into a
mushy liquid that passes into the small
pancreas the digestive organ that makes
intestine.
chemicals to break down proteins,
carbohydrates, and fats
The pancreas also helps control the
amount of sugar in the blood.
HUMAN BODY • SECTION 3 DIGESTION
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