Commonly Abused Drugs Chart - National Institute On Drug Abuse - 2018 Page 5

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Cocaine
A powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant native to South America. For more
information, see the
Cocaine Research
Report.
Street Names
Commercial Names
Common Forms
Common Ways
DEA
Taken
Schedule
Blow, Bump, C, Candy,
Cocaine hydrochloride
White powder, whitish rock
Snorted, smoked,
II
Charlie, Coke, Crack,
topical solution
crystal
injected
Flake, Rock, Snow,
(anesthetic rarely used
Toot
in medical procedures)
Possible Health Effects
Short-term
Narrowed blood vessels; enlarged pupils; increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood
pressure; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; euphoria; increased energy, alertness;
insomnia, restlessness; anxiety; erratic and violent behavior, panic attacks, paranoia,
psychosis; heart rhythm problems, heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma.
Long-term
Loss of sense of smell, nosebleeds, nasal damage and trouble swallowing from snorting;
infection and death of bowel tissue from decreased blood flow; poor nutrition and weight
loss; lung damage from smoking.
Other Health-related
Pregnancy: premature delivery, low birth weight, deficits in self-regulation and attention in school-aged
Issues
children prenatally exposed.
Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from shared needles.
In Combination with
Greater risk of cardiac toxicity than from either drug alone.
Alcohol
Withdrawal
Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnia, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed
Symptoms
movement, restlessness.
Treatment Options
Medications
There are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction.
Behavioral Therapies
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
Contingency management, or motivational incentives, including vouchers
The Matrix Model
Community-based recovery groups, such as 12-Step programs
Mobile medical application: reSET®
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Page 5 of 30
Commonly Abused Drugs
January 2018

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Parent category: Medical