Chapter 2 An Introduction To Chemistry - The Structure Of Matter And The Chemical Elements Worksheet
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35C
2
hapter
t
S
M
he
truCture of
atter and
C
e
the
heMiCal
leMentS
One doesn’t discover new lands without consenting to lose sight of
2.1
Solids, Liquids, and
the shore for a very long time.
Gases
Andre Gide
2.2
The Chemical
French Novelist and Essayist
Elements
n this chapter, we begin the journey that will lead you to an understanding of
2.3
The Periodic Table of
the Elements
chemistry. Perhaps your ultimate educational goal is to know how the human body
functions or to learn how the many parts of a shoreline ecosystem work together. You
2.4
The Structure of the
won’t get very far in these studies without a basic knowledge of the chemical principles
Elements
underlying them. Even before talking about basic chemical principles, though, you
2.5
Common Elements
must learn some of the language of chemistry and develop an image of the physical
world that will help you to think like a chemist.
Many important tasks in life require that you learn a new language and new skills.
When you are learning to drive a car, for example, your driving instructor might tell
you that when two cars reach a four‑way stop at the same time, the driver on the
left must yield the right of way. This statement won’t
mean anything to you unless you already know what
a “four‑way stop” is and what is meant by “yield” and
“right of way”. To drive safely, you need to learn which
of the symbols you see on road signs means “lane merges
ahead” or “steep grade”. You need to learn procedures
that will help you make lane changes and parallel park.
Chemistry, like driving a car, uses a language and
skills of its own. Without a firm foundation in these
fundamentals, a true understanding of chemistry
is impossible. This chapter begins to construct that
foundation by introducing some key aspects of the
chemists’ view of matter.
Review Skills
The presentation of information in this chapter assumes that you can already perform
the tasks listed below. You can test your readiness to proceed by answering the Review
Questions at the end of the chapter. This might also be a good time to read the Chapter
Objectives, which precede the Review Questions.
Define matter. (Chapter 1 Glossary)
Using everyday examples,
Write the SI base units for mass
describe the general size of a
and length and their abbreviations.
meter and a gram. (Section 1.4)
(Section 1.4)
33
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