Chapter 12 - Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry And Infrared Spectroscopy Page 4

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Principles of Spectroscopy
Molecules can exist at various energy
levels.
For example,
The bonds in a given molecule may stretch, bend, or rotate.
electrons may move from one orbital to another.
These processes are quantized; that is, bonds may stretch,
bend or rotate only with certain frequencies, and electrons may
jump between orbitals with well defined energy differences.
It is these energy differences that we measure by various types
of spectroscopy.
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