Place Value Vers 2

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Place   V alue  
 
 
What   i s   i t?  
Place   v alue   r efers   t o   a n   a spect   o f   o ur   b ase   t en   n umber   s ystem   t hat   l ooks   a t   t he   v alue   o f  
digits   w ithin   a   n umeral,   b ased   o n   t heir   p lace.   O ur   w hole   n umbers   i ncrease   i n   v alue   f rom  
right   t o   l eft,   w ith   e ach   p lace   w orth   t en   t imes   m ore   t han   t he   p lace   t o   i ts   r ight.   W e   u se   t he  
numerical   t erms   o nes,   t ens,   h undreds,   t housands   a nd   b eyond   t o   n ame   n umerical   v alues.  
Foundational   t o   o ur   p lace   v alue   s ystem   i s   t he   i dea   t hat   g roups/sets   o f   t en   c an   b e  
counted   a nd   r epresented   a s   s ingle   e ntities.  
 
• Digit:   A   d igit   i s   a   s ingle   s ymbol   u sed   t o   m ake   n umerals.   O ,   1 ,   2 ,   3 ,   4 ,   5 ,   6 ,   7 ,   8   a nd   9  
are   t he   t en   d igits   w e   u se   t o   m ake   n umerals  
 
• Numeral:   A   n umeral   i s   a   s ymbol   t hat   s tands   f or   a   n umber.    
 
• Number:   A   n umber   i s   a   c ount   o r   m easurement   t hat   r epresents   a n   i dea   i n   o ur  
mind   a bout   a   q uantity.   N umerals   a re   o ften   u sed   t o   r epresent   a   n umber.  
 
• Place   V alue:   T he   t erm   p lace   v alue   r efers   t o   t he   v alue   a   d igit   h as   b ased   o n   t he   p lace  
it   h as   w ithin   a   n umeral.   F or   e xample,   i n   t he   n umeral/number   4 83,   t he   d igit   8   h as  
a   v alue   o f   8 0,   r epresenting   8   t ens.  
 
• Base   T en:   O ur   n umber   s ystem   u tilizes   a   b ase   o f   t en,   a nd   t he   f ocus   i s   o n   s eeing   a nd  
representing   q uantities   i n   g roups   o f   t en.   A lthough   o ur   b ase   t en   s ystem   i s  
considered   a rbitrary,   m any   s cholars   b elieve   i t   d eveloped   b ecause   w e   h ave   t en  
fingers.  
 
 
Why   i s   i t   i mportant?  
For   p rimary   s tudents,   i t   i s   i mportant   t hat   s tudents   u nderstand   t he   s tructure   o f   t he   p lace  
value   s ystem,   f ocusing   o n   o nes,   t ens   a nd   h undreds.   T his   u nderstanding   i s   f oundational  
to   w orking   w ith   g reater   n umbers   a s   w ell   a s   d ecimal   n umbers.   A   s trong   s ense   o f   n umber  
and   p lace   v alue   c ontributes   t o   s trong   u se   o f   e stimation   a nd   c omputational   s trategies.  
(Fuson,   1 990   &   o thers;   K amii,   1 986   &   o thers;   B aroody,   1 990;   C otter,   2 000;   R oss,   2 002)  
 
Materials   t o   s upport   p lace   v alue   u nderstanding:   l oose   p arts,   g rouping   c ontainers,  
Unifix   C ubes,   b ase   t en   b locks,   t en   f rames,   r ekenreks,   a bacuses,   h undred   c harts,  
numberlines,   d igit   c ards,   p ockets   a nd   l ayered   n umber   c ards   o r   t ents   ( for   e xpanded  
notation).  
 

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