The Nature Of Color - Dental Tribune International

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D
T
8
Science & Research
ENTAL
RIBUNE
Asia Pacific Edition
The Nature of Color
of the various structures that
make up the oral environment.
The modern understanding
The Nature
A knowledge of the anatomy and
of color originated in the discov-
physiology of the eye would be
ery of the spectral nature of light
required, as well as a thorough
by Isaac Newton in the 1600s.
understanding of color and im-
Newton considered light to be a
of Color
age interpretation by the brain
stream of particles. His experi-
(Figures 2 & 3).
ments with prisms showed that
Objective reasoning would
white light can be split into indi-
involve the understanding of the
vidual colors. We now know that
effects that various colors have on
Newton’s famous experiments
Part 1 of 2
society generally and the individ-
demonstrated that. Light con-
ual specifically. There would be
sists of energy of different wave-
a scientific basis in that such an
lengths. The universe is con-
objective reasoning forms a part
sidered to be a magnetic field
David Klaff, United Kingdom
of psychophysics, psychology,
of positive and negative charges;
philosophy and the morays and
constantly vibrating and produc-
ethics of our contemporary reli-
ing electromagnetic waves. Each
gions. Although these aspects can
of these has a different wave-
Fig.1: Smile showing bright, high value healthy teeth.
be culturally and socially diverse,
length and speed of vibration;
a unified pattern could neverthe-
together they form the electro-
Color is an essential ingredient
Although color as an entity
teaching institutions (Figure 1).
less be established and reasoned,
magnetic spectrum. We can see
in our environment and is as-
should be regarded as only one
A viable reason for color match-
predictable “findings” applied.
about 40% of the colors con-
sociated with certain feelings,
of the many building blocks
ing not to be part of a health-
Subjective response is prob-
tained in sunlight. So although
emotions and meanings. These
necessary in the achievement of
care curriculum could well be
ably the least scientific of the
white light appears colorless and
associations are defined by
an aesthetic result, nevertheless
the fact that of all areas involved
three elements, yet possibly oc-
intangible, it is made up of dis-
the culture we live in as well
a discordant color scheme can
in healthcare, it occupies the
cupies the most dominant posi-
tinct color vibrations, which
as our personal experiences.
probably be more devastating to
unique position of requiring
tion. In order to achieve as near
have not only wavelengths but
Color communicates emotion,
the overall effect than many of
three equal elements for under-
perfect color matching as pos-
also a “corpuscular structure”.
creates mood and affects en-
the other factors present. It is
standing and implementation.
sible, the subjective response
The Colors in Light
ergy; color has an emotional
for this reason that so much time,
These elements could be defined
needs to disciplined in a positive
impact that can delight or dis-
research and expense has gone
and classified as scientific as-
and constructive fashion. In the
One way colors in sunlight
tress. It is almost impossible
into the “color matching” prop-
pects, objective reasoning and
fabrication of a single ceramic
are made visible to us is to pass
to separate the seeing of color
erties of contemporary aesthetic
subjective response.
crown for example, three indi-
white light through a prism.
from the “feeling of color” be-
restorative materials.
Scientific aspects would in-
viduals are involved: the clini-
Because each of the colors has
cause so much of what is seen
Color matching and shade
volve understanding of the basic
cian, ceramist and the patient.
a different wavelength, each is
is based on what is felt. Not sur-
taking continues to provide oral
properties and nature of light and
Each individual will interpret
bent by a different amount. Rain-
prisingly, these factors and in-
health clinicians and technicians
color, and an understanding of
color differently and success will
bows are formed when water
fluences have infiltrated into
with one of the great and impor-
the physical and chemical prop-
be determined by achieving a
droplets in the sky act as natu-
the oral healthcare environ-
tant challenges of their respec-
erties of natural color as well
consensus of approval for a par-
ral prisms. As sunlight passes
ment with patients having a
tive professions. Yet, despite the
as those of the object being
ticular shade. Attaining this con-
through the droplets, each of the
high expectation of a natural
importance of color matching,
studied. In dental healthcare this
sensus can often be a difficult and
different rays is bent by a dif-
aesthetic result, both in the an-
this area still remains largely and
would involve the understanding
painstaking procedure, with pos-
ferent amount, creating a rain-
terior and posterior dentition.
universally untaught in most
of the anatomy and physiology
sible remakes of the restoration
bow. The rainbow colors form
commonplace. The scientific lit-
one “octave” of light and are
erature describes sexual and age
known as the “true hues”. Red is
differences in response to color
the longest wavelength we can
stimulation, as well as cultural
see and it has the slowest fre-
and ethnic differences. The man-
quency of vibration. Its magnetic
ufacturers of aesthetic restora-
energy is warming and stimulat-
tive materials have also inad-
ing. Violet has the shortest wave-
vertently added to the challenge
length and the quickest vibra-
of accurate color matching. Al-
tion. It is cooling and cleansing
though producing wonderful
(Figure 6).
aesthetic materials, there still
Beyond the Visible Spectrum
remains a lack of total standardi-
zation within the productive
At either end of the visi-
process and separate batches of
ble spectrum are many wave-
the same material often display
lengths we cannot see. Ultra-
completely different color prop-
violet light is just beyond violet,
Figs. 2 & 3: Direct composite restoration on second maxillary bicuspid.
erties. The shade guide remains
and farther beyond this are
the traditional method of record-
electromagnetic rays with in-
ing color matching, and for the
creasing frequencies as the
most part this is totally inade-
wavelengths get progressively
quate as the guide is not unique to
shorter; these include X-rays and
the chosen material.
gamma rays.
The objective of this article
At the opposite end, infrared
is to present an understanding of
light is found just beyond red
the nature of color and to provide
light. Like red it has warming
a simple roadmap technique that
qualities although it gives off
hopefully eliminates much of the
more concentrated heat; these
uncertainty of color matching
DT
(Figures 4 & 5).
page 10
Fig. 4 & 5: Restoration of central incisor showing precise color matching. It is aesthetically pleasing despite misalignment of incisors.
Fig. 6: Rainbow showing true hues of nature.
Fig.8:The color wheel showing the primary hues red,green and blue.Opposite each
Fig. 7: The visible spectrum. Blue between 400–500 nm, green between 500–600 nm and red between 600–700 nm.
primary hue is the corresponding complementary color,cyan,magenta and yellow.

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