Periodic Table Of The Elements
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1Table 4.1. Revised 2011 by D.E. Groom (LBNL), and E. Bergren. Atomic weights of stable elements are adapted from the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic
Weights, “Atomic Weights of the Elements 2007,” The atomic number (top left) is the number of protons in the nucleus. The
atomic mass (bottom) of a stable elements is weighted by isotopic abundances in the Earth’s surface. If the element has no stable isotope, the atomic mass (in parentheses) of the
most stable isotope currently known is given. In this case the mass is from and the longest-lived isotope is
from form.jsp. The exceptions are Th, Pa, and U, which do have characteristic terrestrial compositions. Atomic masses are relative to the mass
12
of
C, defined to be exactly 12 unified atomic mass units (u) (approx. g/mole). Relative isotopic abundances often vary considerably, both in natural and commercial samples;
this is reflected in the number of significant figures given for the atomic mass. IUPAC does not accept the claims for elements 113, 115, 117, and 118 as conclusive at this time.
1
18
IA
VIIIA
1
H
2
He
2
13
14
15
16
17
Hydrogen
Helium
1.00794
IIA
IIIA
IVA
VA
VIA
VIIA
4.002602
3
Li
4
Be
5
B
6
C
7
N
8
O
9
F
10
Ne
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
Lithium
Beryllium
Boron
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Neon
6.941
9.012182
10.811
12.0107
14.0067
15.9994
20.1797
18.9984032
11
Na
12
Mg
13
Al
14
Si
15
P
16
S
17
Cl
18
Ar
9
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Silicon
Phosph.
Sulfur
Chlorine
Argon
VIII
24.3050
IIIB
IVB
VB
VIB
VIIB
IB
IIB
28.0855
32.065
35.453
39.948
30.973762
22.98976928
26.9815386
19
K
20
Ca
21
Sc
22
Ti
23
V
24
Cr
25
Mn
26
Fe
27
Co
28
Ni
29
Cu
30
Zn
31
Ga
32
Ge
33
As
34
Se
35
Br
36
Kr
Potassium
Calcium
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Gallium
German.
Arsenic
Selenium
Bromine
Krypton
39.0983
40.078
47.867
50.9415
51.9961
54.938045
55.845
58.6934
63.546
65.38
69.723
72.64
74.92160
78.96
79.904
83.798
44.955912
58.933195
37
Rb
38
Sr
39
Y
40
Zr
41
Nb
42
Mo
43
Tc
44
Ru
45
Rh
46
Pd
47
Ag
48
Cd
49
In
50
Sn
51
Sb
52
Te
53
I
54
Xe
Rubidium
Strontium
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
Molybd.
Technet.
Ruthen.
Rhodium
Palladium
Silver
Cadmium
Indium
Tin
Antimony
Tellurium
Iodine
Xenon
85.4678
87.62
88.90585
91.224
92.90638
95.96
(97.90722)
101.07
102.90550
106.42
107.8682
112.411
114.818
118.710
121.760
127.60
126.90447
131.293
55
Cs
56
Ba
57–71
72
Hf
73
Ta
74
W
75
Re
76
Os
77
Ir
78
Pt
79
Au
80
Hg
81
Tl
82
Pb
83
Bi
84
Po
85
At
86
Rn
Cesium
Barium
Lantha-
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
Osmium
Iridium
Platinum
Gold
Mercury
Thallium
Lead
Bismuth
Polonium
Astatine
Radon
137.327
178.49
180.94788
183.84
186.207
190.23
192.217
195.084
200.59
204.3833
207.2
196.966569
208.98040
(208.98243)
(209.98715)
(222.01758)
132.9054519
nides
87
Fr
88
Ra
89–103
104
Rf
105
Db
106
Sg
107
Bh
108
Hs
109
Mt
110
Ds
111
Rg
112
Cn
114
Fl
116
Lv
Francium
Radium
Actinides
Rutherford.
Dubnium
Seaborg.
Bohrium
Hassium
Meitner.
Darmstadt.
Roentgen.
Flerovium
Copernicium
Livermorium
(271.133)
(270.134)
(269.134)
(281.162)
(277)
(289)
(288)
(223.01974)
(226.02541)
(267.122)
(268.125)
(276.151)
(280.164)
Lanthanide
57
La
58
Ce
59
Pr
60
Nd
61
Pm
62
Sm
63
Eu
64
Gd
65
Tb
66
Dy
67
Ho
68
Er
69
Tm
70
Yb
71
Lu
series
Lanthan.
Cerium
Praseodym.
Neodym.
Prometh.
Samarium
Europium
Gadolin.
Terbium
Dyspros.
Holmium
Erbium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
138.90547
140.116
140.90765
144.242
(144.91275)
150.36
151.964
157.25
158.92535
162.500
164.93032
167.259
168.93421
173.054
174.9668
Actinide
89
Ac
90
Th
91
Pa
92
U
93
Np
94
Pu
95
Am
96
Cm
97
Bk
98
Cf
99
Es
100
Fm
101
Md
102
No
103
Lr
series
Actinium
Thorium
Protactin.
Uranium
Neptunium
Plutonium
Americ.
Curium
Berkelium
Californ.
Einstein.
Fermium
Mendelev.
Nobelium
Lawrenc.
232.03806
238.02891
(227.02775)
231.03588
(237.04817)
(244.06420)
(243.06138)
(247.07035)
(247.07031)
(251.07959)
(252.0830)
(257.09510)
(258.09843)
(259.1010)
(262.110)
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