Summary Of Organic Reactions
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1
2
3
4Summary of Organic Reactions
Hydrocarbons
A.
Alkanes
(generally unreactive)
1. free radical substitution (not selective!)
→
C 2 H 6
+
Cl 2
C 2 H 5 Cl
+
HCl
2. dehydrogenation (reverse reaction is more common!)
→ H 2 C=CH 2
C 2 H 6
+
H 2
B.
Alkenes
addition to double bond
R
H
X
H
C
C
+
H
X
R
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
HX where X = Cl, Br, I, or OH (i.e., H 2 O)
•
Markovnikov's rule: "them that has, gets"
(H goes on the C that already has the most H's)
•
addition of non-polar reagents (H 2 , Br 2 , etc.) also occurs
R
H
X
X
C
C
+
X
X
R
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
C.
Alkynes
•
similar addition reactions as alkenes (stepwise addition can occur)
X
Y
X
Y
XY
XY
R
C
C
H
C
C
R
C
C
H
R
H
X
Y
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