The Periodic Table Of The Elements (Page 3 of 4) in pdf

The Periodic Table Of The Elements Page 3

Foundations of Chemistry

NFORMATION

There are three categories of elements in the Periodic Table: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

The metals are located in the left and center. They are good conductors of heat and electricity. The

nonmetals are in the upper right-hand corner. They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

The metals and nonmetals are separated by the metalloids, which are six elements on a diagonal

line. These elements are B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, and Te. The metalloids are also called semimetals or

semiconductors because their conductivity is between that of metals and nonmetals. Metals readily

lose electrons to form positive ions, called cations, and nonmetals readily gain electrons to form

negative ions, called anions.

UESTIONS

1. What information about an element is provided in each box for that element in the Periodic Table

in the model?

2. What determines the sequence of the elements from the ﬁ rst to the last?

3. What determines where one row stops and another begins?

4. Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located?

5. What is the difference between a group and a period?

6. How can you determine the total number of electrons that an atom has from the Periodic Table?

7. How can you determine the number of valence electrons that atoms in groups 1, 2 and 13 through

18 have?

Chapter 2: Atoms and Elements

The Periodic Table Of The Elements Page 3