Names And Formulas Of Common Ions

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Names and Formulas of Common Ions
Monoatomic anions : negatively charged ions consisting of a single atom of one element (usually a nonmetal). To name a
monoatomic anion, use the stem of the element's name and add the ending "-ide ".
Group 14 nonmetals
Group 15 nonmetals
Group 16 nonmetals
Group 17 nonmetals
4- charge
3- charge
2- charge
1- charge
4-
3-
2-
-
carbide
nitride
oxide
fluoride
C
N
O
F
4-
3-
2-
-
silicide
phosphide
sulfide
chloride
Si
P
S
Cl
3-
2-
-
arsenide
selenide
bromide
As
Se
Br
-
iodide
I
-
hydride
H
Not a Group 17 element, but it
can make a 1- charge!
Nonmetal Oxyanions (polyatomic anions) : These negatively charged ions consist of more than one element (usually oxygen with
another nonmetal). The most common form of any oxyanion is named by using the stem of the nonmetal's name and adding the
ending "-ate ".
Group 14 nonmetals
Group 15 nonmetals
Group 16 nonmetals
Group 17 nonmetals
2-
-
2-
-
CO
NO
SO
ClO
carbonate
nitrate
sulfate
chlorate
3
3
4
3
2-
3-
2-
-
SiO
silicate
PO
phosphate
SeO
selenate
BrO
bromate
3
4
4
3
3-
-
AsO
IO
arsenate
iodate
4
3
If a polyatomic anion has one less oxygen than the most common form, the ending is changed from "-ate " to "-ite " without changing
the negative charge. (Think: "-ite" is oxygen "lite"!)
Group 14 nonmetals
Group 15 nonmetals
Group 16 nonmetals
Group 17 nonmetals
2-
-
2-
-
CO
NO
SO
ClO
carbonate
nitrate
sulfate
chlorate
3
3
4
3
-
2-
-
No "-ite" form
NO
nitrite
SO
sulfite
ClO
chlorite
2
3
2
2-
3-
2-
-
SiO
PO
SeO
BrO
silicate
phosphate
selenate
bromate
3
4
4
3
3-
2-
-
No "-ite" form
phosphite
selenite
bromite
PO
SeO
BrO
3
3
2
3-
-
AsO
IO
arsenate
iodate
4
3
3-
-
arsenite
iodite
AsO
IO
3
2
Polyatomic oxyanions with halogens can exist in four different forms, depending on the number of oxygens present. To name the
most common form of the anion, use the stem of the halogen's name and add the ending "-ate ". If the oxyanion has one less oxygen
than the most common form, the ending changes from "-ate " to "-ite ". If there is one less oxygen than the "-ite " anion, add the
prefix "hypo -" to the beginning of the "-ite " anion's name. If there is one more oxygen than the most common anion (the "-ate "
anion), add the prefix "per -" to the beginning of the "-ate " anion's name.
-
-
-
perchlorate
perbromate
periodate
ClO
BrO
IO
4
4
4
-
-
-
ClO
chlorate
BrO
bromate
IO
iodate
3
3
3
-
-
-
ClO
BrO
IO
chlorite
bromite
iodite
2
2
2
-
-
-
ClO
BrO
IO
hypochlorite
hypobromite
hypoiodite
Metal oxyanions : Some polaytomic oxyanions contain a metal instead of a nonmetal. These ions are named by adding the
suffix "-ate " to the stem of the metal name.
2-
-
permanganate
CrO
MnO
chromate
4
4
2-
2-
dichromate*
manganate
Cr
O
MnO
2
7
4
*The prefix "di-" indicates 2
Note the difference in these two ions: same
chromium atoms!
formula, but different charges!
Reprint with permission only: Chandler-Gilbert Community College Learning Center

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