Carson Elementary And Intermediate Algebra 3e
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Carson Elementary and Intermediate Algebra 3e
Chapter 1 Review
Vocabulary
Variable
A symbol that can vary in value
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Constant
A symbol that does not vary in value (such as a number)
Expression
A constant, variable or any combination of constants, variables and arithmetic
operations that describes a calculation
Equation
A mathematical relationship that contains an equal sign
A mathematical relationship that contains an inequality symbol (≠, <, >, ≤, ≥)
Inequality
Set
A collection of objects.
{ }
The symbols used to write a set.
Real numbers
All of the numbers represented by the number line
Rational number
Any real number that can be expressed in the form a/b, where a and be are
integers and b ≠ 0.
Irrational number
Any number that is not rational.
The counting numbers {1, 2, 3, 4…}
Natural numbers
The natural numbers and 0 {0, 1, 2, 3…}
Whole numbers
The positive and negative natural numbers and 0 {… -3,-2,-1,0,1,2...}
Integers
A given number’s distance from 0 on a number line.
Absolute Value
Addends
Numbers that are added.
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Sum
The result of an addition.
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Difference
The result of a subtraction
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Product
The result of a multiplication
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Quotient
The result of a division
Numerator
The top number of a fraction
Denominator
The bottom number of a fraction
Multiple
A number that is the product of a given number and an integer
Least common
The least common multiple of the denominators of a given set of fractions.
denominator (LCD)
Factors
Numbers that are multiplied
Prime number
A natural number that has exactly two different factors, a and the number itself
Prime factorization
A factorization that contains only prime factors
Given a fraction a/b and b≠0, the only factor common to both a and b is 1.
Lowest terms
Additive inverses
Two numbers whose sum is 0.
Minuend
First number in a subtraction
Subtrahend
Second number in a subtraction
Multiplicative
Two numbers whose product is 1.
inverses
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Dividend
The number being divided
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Divisor
The number being divided by
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Undefined
The result when a non-zero number is divided by 0.
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Indeterminate
The result when 0 is divided by 0.
Exponent
A symbol written to the upper right of a base number that indicates how many
times to use the base as a factor
Base
The number in an exponential expression that is repeatedly multiplied.
Terms
Expressions that are the addends in an expression that is a sum
Coefficient
The numerical factor in a term
Like terms
Variable terms that have the same variable(s) raised to the same exponents, or
constant terms.
Prior Knowledge
Comparing Numbers: For any two real numbers a and b, a is greater than b if a is to the right of b on a
number line.
Which is larger: -12 or -20?
V. Zabrocki 2010
page 1
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