Aqueous Solutions

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Unit: Aqueous Solutions
Lesson: #1
Aqueous Solutions
 A solution is a mixture made up of a solvent and at least one solute.
 Solutes and solvents may be gases, liquids or solids.
 An aqueous solution is any solution where water is the solvent.
 All aqueous solutions are transparent and may be colored or colorless.
 Electrolytes are soluble compounds which conduct electricity when dissolved. All soluble
ionic compounds are electrolytes, acids are also electrolytes.
 When an ionic compound dissolves, the + and – ions separate from each other. Electricity is
conducted from one free ion to another.
 Non-electrolytes are soluble compounds which do not conduct electricity when dissolved.
Molecular compounds are non-electrolytes.
Formation of Solutions
 When a solid dissolves, the individual particles separate from each other and spread out in
solution.
 Separation is the spreading out of individual molecules that takes place when a molecular
compound is dissolved in water.
 A soluble molecular compound disperses electrically neutral molecules throughout the
solution.
 EX. dissolving sugar
C
H
O
C
H
O
12
22
11 (s)
12
22
11 (aq)
NOTE: no ions are present in solution  solution will not conduct electricity
 The crystals of soluble ionic compounds break apart into individual ions that spread
throughout the solution. This process is known as dissociation.
 Ex. dissolving sodium chloride

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