Ch. 3 Rock Study Guide
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Ch. 3 Rock Study Guide
Vocabulary
rock, p. 66; igneous rock, p. 66; sedimentary rock, p. 66; metamorphic rock, p. 66; rock cycle, p. 67; weathering, p.
68; sediments, p. 68 intrusive igneous rock, p. 71; extrusive igneous rock; erosion, p. 76; deposition, p. 76;
compaction, p. 76; cementation ; foliated metamorphic rock, p. 83; nonfoliated metamorphic rock, p. 83
Reviewing Concepts
Choose the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement.
1.
Which of the following forms as the result of surface processes?
a. Sedimentary shale
c.
Magma
b.
Igneous basalt
d.
Intrusive granite
2.
Which of the following would NOT be a major process in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
a. Erosion
c.
Deposition
b. Melting
d. Compaction
3.
A fine-grained igneous rock forms
a. deep within Earth.
c.
as the result of slow cooling.
b.
from magma.
d.
as the result of quick cooling.
4.
Cementation often occurs after Earth materials are
a. eroded.
c.
intruded.
b. weathered.
d. deposited.
5.
Metamorphic rocks that have a banded appearance due to the alignment of minerals are called
a. foliated.
c.
clastic.
b. nonfoliated.
d. glassy.
Understanding Concepts
1.
Which igneous rock forms when basaltic lava hardens? When basaltic magma hardens?
Lava will crystallize into extrusive igneous (ex. basalt). Magma will crystallize into intrusive
igneous (ex. Gabbro)
2. How are granite and rhyolite the same, and how do they differ?
Same = solid, made of minerals, naturally occurring, and igneous. Different = granite is coarse-
grained, and rhyolite is fine-grained.
3.
Explain weathering.
Changes in composition and breaking the rock down into smaller pieces.
4. How could you easily distinguish a black and white gneiss from a similar-colored granite?
Gneiss if foliated (has layers) and granite has random colors of
crystals.
Use the diagram to answer questions 5 - 8
Cooling
5.
What process occurs at point A?
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
6.
What three processes can occur at point B?
Compaction & Cementation
7.
Name two processes that occur at point C.
heat & pressure
8.
What two processes occur at points D and E?
Use the photograph to answer questions 9 - 12
Coarse-grain
9. Observing
Describe the texture of the rock.
10. Identifying
To which of the three major groups of rocks does the rock belong?
Sedimentary
11. Formulating Hypotheses
Briefly describe how this rock formed.
Weathered & erosion, deposited and then compaction & cementation
12. Applying Concepts
Explain how this rock might become an igneous rock.
If it melted and then cooled down and crystallized.
Use the photograph to answer the question 13
13. Use what you have learned about rocks to describe the color and texture
of the rock below. What type of rock is this? How did it form?
Igneous rock, magma cooled and solidified slowly deep underground (Intrusive).
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