Formula Units, Total Ionic, And Net Ionic Equations Worksheet Page 2
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1
2
3One should recognize all compounds in the chemical equation as salts since they are ionic compounds that are neither
oxides nor hydroxides. The (aq) next to their formulas indicates that the three salts, Li
SO
Ba(NO
)
, and LiNO
, are
2
4,
3
2
3
soluble. Soluble salts are strong electrolytes.
+
2-
2+
-
+
-
The total ionic equation is:
2Li
(aq) +SO
(aq) + Ba
(aq) + 2NO
(aq)
BaSO
(s) + 2Li
(aq) +NO
(aq)
b.
4
3
4
3
We break into ions strong electrolytes only. We leave barium sulfate in its formula unit form since it is an insoluble salt, as
indicated by the (s).
+
-
c. The spectator ions are:
Li
and NO
3
+
-
As shown in the total ionic equation, Li
and NO
are the only ions that do not undergo any change going from reactants to
3
products. Therefore, they do not participate in the chemical reaction. They are spectator ions.
2+
2-
d. The net ionic equation is:
Ba
(aq) + SO
(aq) +
BaSO
(s)
4
4
To obtain the net ionic equation, spectator ions are taken out from the total ionic equation.
20. Aqueous silver nitrate reacts with aqueous potassium phosphate to produce aqueous potassium nitrate
and insoluble silver phosphate.
a. The corresponding formula unit equation is:
3AgNO
(aq) + K
PO
(aq)
3KNO
(aq) + Ag
PO
(s)
3
3
4
3
3
4
b. The strong electrolytes are:
AgNO
, K
PO
, and KNO
3
3
4
3
All compounds are salts. The statement of the question indicates that the three salts, AgNO
, K
PO
, and KNO
, are aqueous
3
3
4
3
indicating that they are soluble. Soluble salts are strong electrolytes.
+
-
+
3-
+
-
c. The total ionic equation is:
3Ag
(aq) +3NO
(aq) + 3K
(aq)+ PO
(aq)
3K
(aq) +3NO
(aq) + Ag
PO
(s)
3
4
3
3
4
Again, we break into ions strong electrolytes only. Ag
PO
is an insoluble compound as indicated in the question statement.
3
4
+
-
d. The spectator ions are:
K
and NO
3
+
-
As shown in the total ionic equation, K
and NO
are the only ions that do not undergo any change going from reactants to
3
products. Therefore, they do not participate in the chemical reaction. They are spectator ions.
+
3-
e. The net ionic equation is:
3Ag
(aq) + PO
(aq)
Ag
PO
(s)
4
3
4
Spectator ions are taken out.
21. Write the formula unit equation for the reaction that occurs when sulfuric acid solution reacts with barium
hydroxide solution to give barium sulfate and water.
a. The corresponding formula unit equation is:
H
SO
(aq) + Ba(OH)
(aq)
BaSO
(s) + 2H
O(l)
2
4
2
4
2
We need to determine the state of the product barium sulfate. It is a salt and therefore, we check the solubility rules and
determine that barium sulfate in an insoluble compound; this is indicated in the equation by (s) next to its formula.
b. The strong electrolytes are:
H
SO
(strong acid) and Ba(OH)
(strong base)
2
4
2
+
2-
2+
-
c. The total ionic equation is:
2H
(aq) + SO
(aq) + Ba
(aq) + 2OH
(aq)
BaSO
(s) + 2H
O(l)
4
4
2
d. The spectator ions are:
None!
All ions undergo a change going from reactants to products.
+
2-
2+
-
e. The net ionic equation is:
2H
(aq) + SO
(aq) + Ba
(aq) + 2OH
(aq)
BaSO
(s) + 2H
O(l)
4
4
2
Same as the total ionic equation since there are no spectator ions.
f. The precipitate is:
BaSO
The precipitate is the insoluble compound that forms.
4
22. When an acetic acid solution is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution, the salt sodium acetate and water
are produced.
a. The corresponding formula unit equation is:
CH
COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq)
NaCH
COO(aq) + H
O(l)
3
3
2
Note: It is not hard to figure out the state of each compound. In the reactants side, CH
COOH is acetic acid, a weak acid
3
that is soluble and NaOH is one of the eight common soluble strong bases. In the products side, we have a salt that
contains sodium, it is soluble.
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