The Signature Of The Stars Worksheet
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6The Expanding Universe
Activity
2
The
S ignature
o f
t he
S tars
Rainbows
r eveal
t hat
w hite
l ight
i s
a
c ombination
o f
a ll
t he
c olours.
I n
1 666,
I saac
N ewton
s howed
t hat
w hite
l ight
c ould
b e
s eparated
i nto
its
c omponent
c olours
u sing
g lass
p risms.
S oon
s cientists
w ere
u sing
t his
n ew
t ool
t o
a nalyze
t he
l ight
c oming
f rom
s everal
d ifferent
l ight
sources.
S ome
s cientists
l ooked
a t
h ot
o bjects
a nd
g ases;
o thers
l ooked
a t
t he
s tars
a nd
p lanets.
T hey
a ll
m ade
o bservations
a nd
d etected
patterns,
b ut
i t
t ook
a bout
2 50
y ears
f or
s cientists
t o
u nderstand
t he
c onnections.
Part
1 :
E very
E lement
H as
a
U nique
S ignature.
Every
e lement
e mits
a
u nique
r ange
o f
c olours
c alled
a n
emission
s pectrum.
A
s imilar
s pectrum
i s
p roduced
w hen
light
s hines
t hrough
a
g as;
h owever,
i n
t his
c ase
c ertain
colours,
o r
w avelengths,
a re
a bsorbed
b y
t he
g as.
A n
absorption
s pectrum
i s
t he
p attern
o f
c olours
a nd
d ark
l ines
that
i s
p roduced
w hen
l ight
s hines
t hrough
a
g as
a nd
t he
g as
absorbs
c ertain
w avelengths.
T his
i s
t he
s ame
p attern
t hat
occurs
i n
t he
e mission
s pectrum
f or
t he
s ame
m edium.
Figure
1
s hows
s ome
s implified
a bsorption
s pectral
l ines.
Figure
1
T he
l ines
i ndicate
t he
w avelengths
o f
l ight
t hat
a re
m issing
f rom
t he
l ight
a fter
passing
t hrough
t he
s ample.
T he
w eight
( thickness)
o f
t he
l ines
i ndicates
t he
a mount
o f
l ight
absorbed
a t
t hat
w avelength.
T he
h eavier
( or
t hicker)
t he
l ine,
t he
m ore
l ight
i s
a bsorbed.
1.
Scientists
c an
u se
a bsorption
s pectra
t o
analyze
u nknown
s ubstances.
I dentify
t he
elements
p resent
i n
t he
s ample
t hat
produces
t he
s pectra
i n
F igure
2
.
Figure
2
S implified
a bsorption
s pectra
Activity 2
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