Exercise 25
Justify the rule of universal modus tollens by showing that the premises
x(P (x)
Q(x)) and Q(a) for a particular element a in the domain,
imply P (a).
Remark
x(P (x)
Q(x))
Q(a)
Answer:
x(P (x)
Q(x))
Universal Instantiation
P (a)
Q(a)
Q(a)
P (a)
Modus tollens
Ali Moallemi, Iraj Hedayati
COMP232 - Mathematics for Computer Science
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