Physics Secondary School Annual Examinations Form 5 - Directorate For Quality And Standards In Education, 2011 Page 8

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7.
This question is about Nuclear Physics.
14
C
Carbon-14 is a radioactive substance. The symbol for a carbon-14 nucleus is
6
14
C
a.
Using this information about
determi
ne its:
6
i.
1
proton number Z,
__________
ii.
1
mass (nucleon) number A,
__________
iii.
1
neutron number N.
__________
b.
Carbon-14 decays by emitting beta particles. Wr
ite down the:
i.
1
symbol for a beta parti
cle,
__________
ii.
1
mass (nucleon) number of a beta particle,
__________
iii.
1
charge of a beta particle.
__________
c.
There are three naturally occurring isotopes of carbon on
Earth: 99% of the carbon
is
carbon-12, less than 1% is carbon-13, and carbon-14 which occurs in very sm
all
amounts.
i.
Complete the following statement about isotopes:
Isotopes are nuclei of the same element having the same ______________ number but
1
different m
ass number.
ii.
The following symbols represent six nuclei.
40
41
12
39
40
A
B
C
D
E
18
19
6
19
20
Which two nuclei are isotopes of each other?
1
d.
A radioactive detector connected to a counter
gives a count even though a radioa
ctive
1
source is not present.
i.
1
This radioactive count is due to _________________________
ii
.
State two sources of this radiation.
1
ii
i.
Name the instruments used to detect and measure background radiation rate.
1
Page 8 of 11
Physics – Secondary School – Form 5 - 2011

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