Geol 101 Physical Geology Past Exam Questions Lecture 8 printable pdf download

Geol 101: Physical Geology

PAST EXAM QUESTIONS

LECTURE 8: IGNEOUS ROCKS I

8. The three main classes of rocks are classified by how they formed. (1) _________ rocks form from molten rock. (2)

_________ rocks form by surface processes. (3) _________ rocks form from existing rocks that are changed by

pressure and temperature.

A. (1) igneous (2) sedimentary (3) metamorphic

B. (1) igneous (2) metamorphic (3) sedimentary

C. (1) metamorphic (2) sedimentary (3) igneous

D. (1) sedimentary (2) metamorphic (3) igneous

E. none of the above combinations

8. Rocks do not have a specific chemical formula because:

A. a rock can change its characteristics at any time

B. the density of rocks can vary dramatically with depth in the Earth

C. elements combine randomly to form minerals

D. we prefer to give rocks names that are easy to remember

E. they are a mix of different minerals, each with their own chemical formulas

8. Molten rock inside the earth is called (1) _____ but on the surface it is called (2) _____.

A. (1) lava (2) magma

B. (1) lava (2) extrusive

C. (1) intrusive (3) magma

D. (1) magma (2) lava

E. (1) extrusive (2) intrusive

8. The rate that temperature increases with increasing depth inside the earth is called:

A. the geothermal gradient

B. the isothermal gradient

C. the hydrothermal gradient

D. the mesothermal gradient

E. the Celsius scale

8. On average, the geothermal gradient inside the Earth’s crust is about:

A. 1000°C per kilometer

B. 100°C per kilometer

C. 50°C per kilometer

D. 25°C per kilometer

E. 10°C per kilometer

8. Molten rock below the Earth’s surface is called (1)________ and typically forms at depths of (2)________:

A. (1) lava

(2) less than 100 km

B. (1) lava

(2) less than 10 km

C. (1) magma

(2) less than 100 km

D. (1) magma

(2) less than 10 km

E. (1) magma

(2) the vicinity of the outer core

8. The melting temperature of a rock is influenced by:

A. pressure

B. water content

C. chemistry

D. all of the above

E. only A and C above

8. The inside of the earth is not completely molten (i.e. liquid) because:

A. it never gets hot enough to melt rocks deep in the earth

B. the melting temperature of rocks increases as pressure increases

C. its chemistry always causes it to be a solid with the consistency of salt water taffy

Geol 101 Physical Geology Past Exam Questions Lecture 8

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