Form And Function In Chordates Worksheet Page 2
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11. Complete the flowchart that describes the path of water as it moves through a fish. See
Figure 33–9 on page 859.
mouth
Water flows in through the fish’s
, where muscles pump the water across
gills
the
.
oxygen
As water passes over the gill filaments,
molecules diffuse into blood in the
carbon dioxide
capillaries. At the same time,
diffuses from blood into water.
gill slits
Water and carbon dioxide are pumped out through the
.
They require oxygen for their
12. Why do mammals need large amounts of oxygen?
endothermic metabolism.
Air flows through bird lungs in only one direction.
13. Why are the lungs of birds most efficient?
Thus, gas-exchange surfaces are constantly in contact with fresh air.
Circulation
(pages 860–861)
14. Is the following sentence true or false? Chordates that use gills for respiration have a
true
single-loop circulatory system.
15. Identify where the blood is carried in each loop of a double-loop circulatory system.
Carries blood between the heart and the lungs
First loop:
Carries blood between the heart and the body
Second loop:
16. Is the following sentence true or false? In a double-loop system, oxygen-poor blood
false
from the heart is carried to the body.
two
17. In vertebrates with gills, the heart consists of
chambers.
The reptilian heart
18. What is the advantage of the reptilian heart over the amphibian heart?
heart has a partial partition in the ventricle that reduces the mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor
blood.
One pump
19. Why is a four-chambered heart sometimes described as a double pump?
moves blood through the lung loop, and the other moves blood through the body loop.
Guided Reading and Study Workbook/Chapter 33
503
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