Eoc Review Part 7 Unity And Diversity Of Life, Ecological Relationships (Page 2 of 3) in pdf

Classical

An animal makes a connection between a certain behavior and a

Conditioning

reward/punishment.

Trial and Error

An organism can learn to choose an option with the best reward.

Pheromones

Chemical signals typically used to communicate.

Courtship Dances

An individual performs some ritual in order to attract a mate.

Territoriality

An organism will defend or mark a defined living space.

Which of the above behaviors are innate (or instinct)?

Suckling, Phototaxis, Migration, Estivation, Hibernation, Imprinting, Phermones, Courtship Dances,

Territoriality

Which of the above behaviors are learned?

Classical Conditioning, Habitation, and Trial & Error

Ecology

How do organisms, species, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes relate to each other?

Organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring are a species. Individuals of the same species

living in the same area are a population. All of populations in a given area make up a community.

The community and their surrounding abiotic factors (water, rocks, climate, etc) make up an

ecosystem. Similar ecosystems are grouped into biomes.

What is a habitat?

The place where an organism lives out its life.

What is a niche?

The role a species has in its environment. The niche describes the species' function within this

community.

In the following chart, explain the symbiotic relationships.

Relationship

Who benefits?

Example

Mutualism

Both organisms benefit

Lichen (fungus and algae)

Commensalism

One organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Epiphytes (fern and a tree)

Parasitism

One organism benefits, the other is harmed

Malaria

What is carrying capacity?

The number of individuals in a population that the environment can support.

List at least 3 biotic factors and 3 biotic factors in an environment.

Biotic: trees, parasites, prey, predators, decomposers, pollinators. Abiotic: temperature, rainfall,

humidity, soil, wind, sunlight

How does photosynthesis and aerobic respiration relate to the carbon cycle?

Photosynthesis takes carbon out of the atmosphere in the form of CO

. Aerobic respiration puts

carbon back into the atmosphere in the form of CO

Explain the Greenhouse Effect in relationship to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Increase of carbon dioxide prevents infrared light (heat) from leaving the atmosphere. This raises the

earth’s temperature just like glass in a greenhouse traps heat and keeps the greenhouse warm.

What effect might increased atmospheric carbon dioxide have on the environment? Increased

trapping of heat and thus higher temperatures. Plants flower at different times, sea level rise due to

melting. Increasing carbon dioxide levels also leads to an increase in acidity of the oceans.

Eoc Review Part 7 Unity And Diversity Of Life, Ecological Relationships Page 2

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