Solubility Worksheet Page 4
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1
2
3
4Chem 1B
Name:_______________________
Chapter 16 Exercises
Answers:
–
–
–
–
5
3
7
5
1.
(a) (i) 1.3 x 10
mol/L; (ii) 1.8 x 10
g/L;
(b) (i) 7.1 x 10
mol/L; (ii) 8.2 x 10
g/L;
–
–
4
2
(c) (i) 1.3 x 10
mol/L; (ii) 4.3 x 10
g/L
–
–
3
6
2.
Solubility = 6.9 x 10
mol/L;
K
= 1.3 x 10
sp
–
–
4
12
3.
Solubility = 1.3 x 10
mol/L;
K
= 9.1 x 10
sp
–
–
–
–
–
2+
7
3
7
3
12
4.
(a) [Ca
] = 4.9 x 10
M; [PO
] = 3.2 x 10
M;
(b) [PO
] = 2.6 x 10
M
4
4
–
–
–
–
8
2
5.
(a) (i) [Cl
] = 1.6 x 10
M AgCl begins to ppt; (ii) [Cl
] = 1.8 x 10
M, PbCl
begins to ppt;
2
–
–
–
2
+
9
(b) If [Cl
] = 1.8 x 10
M, [Ag
] = 8.9 x 10
M
–
8
6.
Solubility = 1.6 x 10
mol/L
–
3
, precipitate will form;
7.
(a) Q
= 1.2 x 10
> K
sp
sp
–
2+
(b) [Pb
] = 0.031 M; [Cl
] = 0.023 M;
(solved using iteration method)
–
6
precipitate will NOT form.
(c) Q
= 1.2 x 10
< K
sp
sp
⇌
–
–
⇌
2+
2
2
+
8.
(b) PbCO
Pb
+ CO
;
CO
+ 2H
H
O + CO
(s)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(g)
3
3
3
2
2
–
–
2
Acid reacts with CO
, HCO
or H
O and CO
; more solids dissolve to maintain equilibrium;
3
3
2
2
⇌
–
–
⇌
2+
+
(c) CaF
Ca
+ F
;
F
+ H
HF
(s)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
2
2
–
-
Acid reacts with F
; more solid CaF
dissolves to compensate loss of F
and maintain equilibrium;
2
–
–
⇌
–
+
3
3
+
2
(d) Ag
PO
3Ag
+ PO
;
PO
+ H
HPO
;
(s)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
(aq)
3
4
4
4
4
–
–
–
3
2
3
Acid converts PO
HPO
PO
decreases; more solid to dissolve to maintain equilibrium.
to
; [
]
4
4
4
eq
–4
9.
Solubility = 8.9 x 10
mol/L
–
5
10.
Solubility of AgCl = 1.3 x 10
mol/L in water; and 0.14 mol/L in 3.0 M NH
;
3
⇌
–
2+
11.
Compounds soluble in NH
: (c) Cu(OH)
(s) + 4NH
(aq)
Cu(NH
)
(aq) + 2 OH
(aq);
3
2
3
3
4
⇌
–
+
(e) AgOH(s) + 2NH
(aq)
Ag(NH
)
(aq) + OH
(aq);
3
3
2
⇌
–
–
Compounds soluble in excess NaOH: (a) Cr(OH)
(s) + OH
(aq)
Cr(OH)
(aq);
3
4
–
⇌
–
–
⇌
–
2
2
.
(d) Zn(OH)
+ 2OH
(aq)
Zn(OH)
(aq)
;
(f) Pb(OH)
(s) + 2OH
(aq)
Pb(OH)
(aq)
2
4
2
4
2+
remains in solution – BaCl
2+
12.
Add HCl or NaCl; AgCl will form ppt and Ba
m is soluble; Ba
can be
2
extracted using Na
SO
to form BaSO
ppt.
2
4
4
+
2+
3+
3+
2+
13.
Mixture-#1: ( Ag
+ Ba
+ Cr
+ Fe
+ Cu
) + NaCl(aq)
precipitate AgCl(s); Centrifuge;
2+
3+
3+
2+
Mixture-#2: (Ba
+ Cr
+ Fe
+ Cu
) + Na
SO
(aq)
precipitate BaSO
(s); Centrifuge;
2
4
4
3+
3+
2+
2+
Mixture-#3: (Cr
+ Fe
+ Cu
) + exs NH
Cr(OH)
+ Fe(OH)
+ Cu(NH
)
; Centrifuge;
(s)
(s)
(aq)
3
3
3
3
4
–
Mixture-#4: (Cr(OH)
+ Fe(OH)
) + exs NaOH
Cr(OH)
+ Fe(OH)
; Centriguge
(s)
(s)
(aq)
(aq)
(s)
3
3
4
3
14.
(a) K
= 14; (b) solubility = 0.22 mol/L; (c) 4.1 g
c
–
3
–
3
ppt forms; (b) Q
–
3
no ppt;
15.
K
= 2.7 x 10
; (a) Q
= 5.0 x 10
> K
= 1.3 x 10
< K
c
c
c
c
c
–
–
2+
+
16.
[Pb
] = 0.010 M; [Br
] = 0.021 M; [Na
] = 0.10 M; [NO
] = 0.10 M;
3
2+
17.
(a) Add buffered NH
-NH
Cl; pH~9.5; precipitate of Al(OH)
(s) is formed; Mg
remains in solution;
3
4
3
2+
(b) Add excess NH
; Fe(OH)
(s) is formed, Cu(NH
)
remains in solution;
3
3
3
4
(c) Add NaCl and heat mixture; PbCl
(s) dissolves when heated, AgCl(s) remains as precipitate;
2
–
(d) Add excess NaOH(aq); Cu(OH)
(s) is formed; Zn(OH)
is soluble in excess OH
(aq)
2
2
4
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