Verb Reference Sheet Page 4
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4Imperfect Progressive Tense: (“-ing” actions in the past tense)
*For this tense, use the imperfect tense of the verb “estar” + present participle.
Present Participles:
Imperfect tense of “estar”
To add “-ing” to an “-ar” verb, drop the “-ar” and add “-ando”
Yo
estaba
To add “-ing” to an “-er” verb, drop the “-er” and add “-iendo”
Tú
estabas
To add “-ing” to an “-ir” verb, drop the “-ir” and add “-iendo”
Él/Ella/Ud.
estaba
Nosotros
estábamos
Examples:
Irregulars:
Vosotros
estabais
hablar
hablando
caer
cayendo
decir
diciendo
comer
comiendo
creer
creyendo
dormir
durmiendo
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. estaban
vivir
viviendo
leer
leyendo
morir
muriendo
oír
oyendo
pedir
pidiendo
traer
trayendo
sentir
sintiendo
venir
viniendo
ir
yendo
poder
pudiendo
Present Subjunctive Tense: (Present tense actions containing uncertainty)
*This formation of this tense is similar to that of formal commands.
Begin with the present tense “yo” form. Then, drop the “o”.
Then, for “-ar” verbs, add the corresponding “-er” ending.
Or, for “-er” or “-ir” verbs, add the corresponding “-ar” ending.
Examples:
I hope that you speak Spanish in class.
Espero que hables español en clase.
I want them to eat the bread.
Quiero que ellos coman el pan.
I doubt that she lives in Rogers.
Dudo que ella viva en Rogers.
I hope that you do the assignment.
Espero que hagas la tarea.
I want us to be careful.
Quiero que tengamos cuidado.
I doubt that Pedro will go to the party.
Dudo que Pedro vaya a la fiesta.
Past Subjunctive Tense: (Past tense actions containing uncertainty)
The imperfect subjunctive of all verbs is formed by dropping the “-ron” ending of
the third person plural of the preterite tense and adding the following “-ra” endings:
Example:
Yo
-ra
Tú
-ras
Estar – to be / Comer – to eat
rd
Él/Ella/Ud.
-ra
Preterite 3
-person plurals: estuvieron / comieron
*Nosotros
-áramos
Past subjunctive forms:
Vosotros
-rais
Yo
estuviera
comiera
Ellos/Ellas/Uds.
-ran
Tú
estuvieras
comieras
Él/Ella/Ud.
estuviera
comiera
Nosotros
estuviéramos
comiéramos
Vosotros
estuvierais
comierais
Ellos/Ellas/Uds.
estuvieran
comieran
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