TPCASTT Template
TPCASTT
: Poem Analysis Method: title, paraphrase, connotation, diction, attitude, tone, shift(s), title revisited and theme
Title
Before you even think about reading the
poetry or trying to analyze it, speculate on what you
think the poem might be about based upon the title.
Often time authors conceal meaning in the title and
give clues in the title. Jot down what you think this
poem will be about…
Paraphrase
Before you begin thinking about
meaning or tying to analyze the poem, don't overlook
the literal meaning of the poem. One of the biggest
problems that students often make
in poetry analysis is jumping to conclusions before
understanding what is taking place in the poem.
When you paraphrase a poem, write in your own
words exactly what happens in the poem. Look at the
number of sentences in the poem—your paraphrase
should have exactly the same number. This
technique is especially helpful for poems written in
the 17th and 19th centuries. Sometimes your teacher
may allow you to summarize what happens in the
poem. Make sure that you understand the difference
between a paraphrase and a summary.
Connotation
Although this term usually refers
solely to the emotional overtones of word choice, for
this approach the term refers to any and all poetic
devices, focusing on how such devices contribute to
the meaning, the effect, or both of a poem. You may
consider imagery, figures of speech (simile,
metaphor, personification, symbolism, etc), diction,
point of view, and sound devices (alliteration,
onomatopoeia, rhythm, and rhyme). It is not
necessary that you identify all the poetic devices
within the poem. The ones you do identify should be
seen as a way of supporting the conclusions you are
going to draw about the poem.