Chemistry Worksheet - The Activity Series Of Metals
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4EXPERIMENT 6:
THE ACTIVITY SERIES OF METALS
PURPOSE
To determine the activities of several metals based on observations of single
replacement reactions.
BACKGROUND
A single replacement reaction is one in which one element replaces another
element in a compound.
In the following reaction, zinc replaces the copper in copper(II) chloride:
Zn
+ CuCl
ZnCl
+ Cu
(s)
2(aq)
2(aq)
(s)
If you were to observe this reaction, you would witness the decomposition of zinc
metal and the simultaneous formation of copper metal. This reaction occurs because
zinc is more active than copper, therefore zinc can replace copper in an aqueous
compound.
Very active metals can also replace hydrogen in water or acids, producing hydrogen
gas:
Na
+ H
O
NaOH
+ H
(s)
2
(l)
(aq)
2(g)
In the above equation, sodium has replaced the hydrogen in water. However, the
equation is not balanced. The balanced equation is:
2Na
+ 2H
O
2NaOH
+ H
(s)
2
(l)
(aq)
2(g)
The products of single replacement reactions can be predicted by looking at the
Activity Series of Metals. The Activity Series orders metals (and hydrogen) from
most active to least active. Elements which are higher in the activity series can
replace elements which are lower. In this experiment, you will be determining your
own activity series based on your observations of single replacement reactions. You
will check your results against the activity series given in your textbook.
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