English Grammar Cheat Sheet (Page 10 of 12) in pdf

11. Though I don’t think I’ll be able to make it for long,

12. When we go up into the mountains, we will have to

Aaron says I’ll be walking around easily once I get

adjust to the higher elevations.

used to the pack on my shoulders.

a. Preposition; noun; adverb

a. Adverb; noun; adjective

b. Conjunction; pronoun; adjective

b. Preposition; verb; article

c. Adverb; adjective; noun

c. Interjection; adjective; pronoun

d. Noun; conjunction; verb

d. Conjunction; verb; adverb

Grammar Activity #13: ”The Basic Sentence”

We’re going to start building on your knowledge of the parts of speech by taking a look at the next grammatical step:

sentences. The basic sentence is composed of a subject and a predicate (also known as a verb).

The subject is the part of the sentence about which something is said. The subject is always a noun; a pronoun; or a

word, clause, or phrase that functions as a noun (don’t worry about this last part right now).

The predicate is the part of the sentence that shows action or says something about the subject, that is, it is the

sentence’s verb.

1. Look at the following groups of words; circle the letters of those you believe form complete sentences.

a. Teenagers work.

b. Many teenagers work after school.

c. Many teenagers work after school to earn spending money.

2. In each of the sentences above underline the word that acts as each sentence’s subject once, underline the

word(s) that act as the sentences’ verb (predicate) twice.

3. Look at the following groups of words; circle the letters of those you believe form complete sentences.

a. They are.

b. They are students.

c. They are students hoping to succeed in college.

4. In each of the sentences above underline the word that acts as each sentence’s subject once, underline the

word(s) that act as the sentences’ verb (predicate) twice.

Grammar Activity #14: “Sentence Structure”

Sentence structure refers to the way sentences are built using words, phrases (word groups without subjects and

verbs), and clauses (word groups with subjects and verbs). Clauses are the most important because they make

statements—they tell who did what (or what something is) in a sentence.

1. Look at the following sentence:

We bought oranges at the farmer’s market on Main Street.

Which of the words tell who? ____________ What did “who” do? ______________________. Put this together

___________________________________________________________________. This is the sentence’s clause.

Which groups of words tell us where we did something? ________________________________. This is a

phrase. We can leave phrases out of a sentence (because they don’t have a subject and verb) and still have a

sentence, but we cannot leave a clause out of a sentence and still have a sentence. When a “sentence” is

missing its clause, it is called a fragment.

English Grammar Cheat Sheet Page 10