English Grammar Cheat Sheet (Page 6 of 12) in pdf

Grammar Activity #7: “Parts of Speech: Adjectives”

You may need to review grammar activity #1 to complete the following statement (but we’re hoping you’ll be able to

remember it on your own):

An adjective is a word that ________________ a ________ or a pronoun. It tells you something __________ the noun or the ________________.

Adjectives give extra information about nouns and pronouns in three ways: by describing, identifying, and quantifying.

Describing adjectives do exactly what their name suggests: they describe the noun or pronoun. They answer the question

“What kind?” (red sweater, terrible secret) They usually come before the noun/pronoun they modify, but they can also

rename the subject of a sentence or appear after a linking verb connecting them to their noun (George is adorable. Rose is

lucky. ). When they come after a linking verb, they’re called predicate adjectives, but you don’t need to worry about that . . .

yet.

Identifying adjectives can help you identify exactly what you’re talking about (I want that one. Those are the answers to the

grammar activity. This is not the homework assignment.)

Quantifying adjectives sound mathematical because they are (sort of). They answer the question “How many?” (several

cookies, a few tardies).

Directions: For each of the following sentences underline the adjectives. Above the word label it describing (“D”), identifying

(“I”), or quantifying (“Q”).

1. Many Caribbean countries are troubled. (3)

2. Pale North Americans and Europeans enjoy these warm havens during their hemisphere’s long, cold winters. (6)

3. All residents of the Caribbean, however, must deal with this natural hazard: hurricanes. (3)

4. In addition, individual islands have their own dilemmas. (2)

5. One Caribbean island, Anguilla, has no arable [def: land that can be used for growing crops] land, so crops do not

grow. (4)

6. Its economic health depends heavily on the tourist industry. (2)

7. The small island of Montserrat is highly subject to volcanic explosions. (3)

8. Continued eruptions have left half the island uninhabitable. (3)

9. The poorest country is Haiti. Those people have suffered so much. (2)

10. Many residents of Haiti were left with nothing after the hurricane last year. (2)

Grammar Activity #8: “Parts of Speech: Adverbs”

You may need to review grammar activity #2 to complete the following statement (but we’re hoping you’ll be able to

remember it on your own):

An adverb is a word that usually describes a _____________, an adjective, or another _______________. It tells you ________ something

is done. It may also tell you ________ or ____________ something happened.

Adjectives give extra information about nouns and pronouns, but if you need to give extra information about another part of

speech, you’ll need to call in an adverb. Adverbs answer the question “How?”

Adverbs can be catalogued in four basic ways: time, place, manner, and degree.

ü Time: these adverbs tell when, how often, and how long (today, yesterday, weekly, briefly)

ü Place: these adverbs tell where, to where, and from where (here, there, nearby, forward)

ü Manner: these adverbs often end in “-ly” and tell how something is done (slowly, precisely, well)

ü Degree: these adverbs tell how much or how little (substantially, greatly, partly, too)

English Grammar Cheat Sheet Page 6