Systematics And The Phylogenetic Revolution Worksheet With Answer Key - Chapter 23 Page 16
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1957. Which one of the following statements about the evolution of larval dispersal in marine snails is
false?
A.
The observation that non-dispersing snails are more sedentary may lead to greater instances of
allopatric speciation.
B.
Clades of non-dispersing snails are less species rich than dispersing snails.
C.
Loss of structures in the transition from dispersing to non-dispersing may inhibit evolutionary
reversal.
D.
Possession of dispersing larvae is the ancestral state in snails.
E.
Cladistics shows that there are more instances of the transition from dispersing to non-
dispersing larvae than the reverse.
58. Which one of the following statements about the evolution of direct development in limpets is
false?
A.
Loss of structures in the transition from presence of a larval stage to direct development may
inhibit evolutionary reversal.
B.
Cladistic analysis suggests that the independent evolution of direct development occurred six
times in limpets.
C.
Cladistic analysis suggests that re-evolution of the larval stage in limpets that have lost it
would be the most parsimonious conclusion.
D.
This study shows that evolution always proceeds parsimoniously.
E.
Possession of a larval stage is the ancestral state in limpets.
59. Which one of the following statements about the evolution of species richness in herbivorous
beetles is false?
A.
The cladogram of the major group of herbivorous beetles, shows that clades specialized for
feeding on conifers are located deeper in the cladogram than those specialized for feeding on
angiosperms.
B.
The cladogram of the major group of herbivorous beetles, shows that those clades specialized
for feeding on angiosperms are more recent than those specialized for feeding on conifers.
C.
Many beetle clades have been very conservative in what plants they will consume.
D.
The great species richness of the angiosperms may have caused the great species richness of
herbivorous beetles.
E.
The multiple, independent evolution of herbivory in beetles is closely linked to their great
species richness.
60. Which one of the following statements about the evolution of HIV is false?
A.
All strains of HIV are included within clades of SIV strains.
B.
Each strain of HIV is more closely related to a strain of SIV than to other HIV strains.
C.
Humans acquired different subtypes of HIV from different primate hosts.
D.
AIDS appeared first in Africa, probably prior to 1940.
E.
Because of the low mutation rate of the HIV virus, it is possible to use phylogenetics to
determine the source of infection for specific individuals.
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