Atomic Structure, Periodic Table, Chemical Bonds, Chemical Formulas Worksheet Page 5
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2514B
Atomic Challenge!
Investigation
14B Atomic Challenge!
How were the elements created?
Materials
During the middle ages, people believed you could turn lead into gold if
you did followed the right procedures. Later, we learned that lead and gold
• Atom Building Game
are different elements with different kinds of atoms. You have to change
the atoms inside to make lead into gold. Lead atoms have 82 protons in
the nucleus. Gold atoms have 79 protons.
A
Building the elements
About 13 billion years ago, when the universe was much younger, the only atoms in existence
were hydrogen, helium, and a small amount of lithium. These are the three lightest elements.
Today, we find carbon, oxygen, iron, and even uranium atoms. Where did these heavy atoms
come from? All the elements were created in the super-hot cores of stars. Stars get their energy
by combining hydrogen atoms together to make other elements, such as helium. Along the
way, a few protons get converted into neutrons and electrons. In this investigation, you will
learn how these subatomic particles are arranged to make up the structure of an atom by
playing the game of Atomic Challenge.
B
Quick review of the atom
In the atom game, colored marbles represent the three kinds of particles. Red marbles are
protons, blue marbles are neutrons, and yellow marbles are electrons.
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