Measurement Examples And Worksheet - A-64 Appendix 5 Page 16
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36A-78
Appendix V Measurement
Solution
On the ruler, the shorter tick marks divide each centimeter into 10 millimeters, as
shown. If we begin at the left end of the ruler and count by tens as we move right
to 3, and then add an additional 6 millimeters to that result, we find that the length
of the paper clip is 30 + 6 = 36 millimeters.
10 mm
10 mm
10 mm
6 mm
1
2
3
4
5
6
Centimeters
Use unit conversion factors to convert metric units of length.
3
Metric units of length are related as shown in the following table.
Metric Units of Length
1 kilometer (km)
1,000 meters
1 meter
10 decimeters (dm)
1 hectometer (hm)
100 meters
1 meter
100 centimeters (cm)
1 dekameter (dam)
10 meters
1 meter
1,000 millimeters (mm)
The abbreviation for each unit is written within parentheses.
We can use the information in the table to write unit conversion factors that can
be used to convert metric units of length. For example, in the table we see that
1 meter
100 centimeters
From this fact, we can write two unit conversion factors.
To obtain the first unit conversion factor,
1 m
100 cm
divide both sides of the equation 1 m
1
and
1
100 cm by 100 cm. To obtain the second unit
100 cm
1 m
conversion factor, divide both sides by 1 m.
One advantage of the metric system is that multiplying or dividing by a unit
conversion factor involves multiplying or dividing by a power of 10.
Self Check 3
3
EXAMPLE
Convert 350 centimeters to meters.
Convert 860 centimeters to
Strategy
We will multiply 350 centimeters by a carefully chosen unit conversion
meters.
factor.
Now Try
Problem 31
WHY
If we multiply by the proper unit conversion factor, we can eliminate the
unwanted units of centimeters and convert to meters.
Solution
To convert from centimeters to meters, we must choose a unit conversion factor
whose numerator contains the units we want to introduce (meters), and whose
denominator contains the units we want to eliminate (centimeters). Since there is
1 meter for every 100 centimeters, we will use
1 m
This is the unit we want to introduce.
This is the unit we want to eliminate (the original unit).
100 cm
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