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LESSON 9

Tamil Imperative and Negative Sentences

1. Requests and Orders

i. The Requests (formal) and orders (informal) imperatives are made to the Second Person ‘you’ only.

The pronoun you, as the subject, may actually be mentioned or only understood.

(ii) In Tamil, as said earlier, subject ‘you’ could be (i) singular (ந n& taU ) , non-honorific; (ii) singular

honorific (ந n& n&r Aapa, tau m a), technically a plural form but used as singular; or (iii) the plural

n&n[ g al< Aapa, tau m a Laae g a, Aapa Laae g a), courteously used as singular honorific (Aapa) or used as

(ந க

plural non-honorific (tau m a Laae g a, Aapa Laae g a).

(iii) In Tamil, similar to Hindi and Sanskrit, pronoun ந n& naI (naI = taU ) is used for addressing inferiors,

children or very intimate people, In this case, the pure form of the root verb (without any suffix) is

used as imperative (order) form as well. e.g. (Thou, you) study! (taU pa$[ ! ) (ந) ப ! ( n& padi naI paiD).

(iv) Pronoun ந n&r inar` (naIr` = tau m a)) is used for addressing similar people or friends. Technically this

pronoun is plural of singular non-honorific pronoun (taU # tau m a), but is used as semi-honorific singular.

um qma` is added to the pure form of the root verb.

In this case, the imperative (request) suffix உ

! ( n&r padiyum naIr` paiDyau m a` ) .

e.g. (you please) study! (tama pa$[ a e , Aapa pa$[ a e ! ) (ந ) ப

n&n[ g al< ina> g a<` (naI> g a<` = Aapa, Aapa Laae g a) is used for addressing someone formally

(iii) Pronoun ந க

with respect. Technically this pronoun is also plural of singular pronoun (Aapa # Aapa Laae g a), but is also

gal< ga<` is added to the singular

used as formal honorific singular. In this case, plural suffix க

um qma` . This compound oblique suffix உ க

ungal< q{ g a<` is then added to

imperative suffix உ

the pure form of the root verb. e.g. (you Sir please) study! (Aapa pai$[ y ae ! ) (ந க ) ப

க !

( n&ngal< padiyun[ g al< naI> g a<` paiDyau > g a<` ) .

pad< i paiD Read)

TABLE 20 : IMPERATIVE Request or ORDER (verb example ப

Verb Read

Imperative suffix

= Request / Order : You (please) read.

You

No suffix

pad< i paiD

(ந) ப ! ( n& padi naI paiD) You read.

naI n&

ந

ப

pad< i paiD

um qma`

! ( n&r padiyum naIr` paiDyau m a` )

naIr` n&r

ந

ப

உ

(ந ) ப

க ! ( n&ngal< padiyun[ g al<

pad< i paiD

ungal< q{ g a<`

ந க

(ந க ) ப

ப

உ க

naI> g a<` n&n[ g al<

naI> g a<` paiDyau > g a<` ) You (all) please read.

EXERCISE : IMPERATIVE ஏவ

(ORDER or REQUEST)

RangaRakes

Tamil Alphabet Chart - Learning Tamil Through English/hindi Page 27

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