Chem 338 Homework Set 5 Solutions Workseet Page 2
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5b) Assuming the molar entropies are independent of temperature for the range of
interest, ∆G
∆T
= –S
m
m
At the transition, G
(rhom) = G
(mono)
m
m
relative to the ∆G
For G
of the rhombic form (i.e., the monoclinic form lies 0.33
m
f
kJ/mol above the rhombic form):
0.0 + ∆G
(rhom) = 0.33 + ∆G
(mono)
(∆G
is the change in G
due to T)
m
m
m
m
0.0 – S
(rhom)(T
–298) = 0.33 – S
(mono)(T
-298)
m
f
m
f
Solving for the final temperature:
T
= 710 K
f
5.12) An open vessel containing (a) water, (b) benzene, (c) mercury stands in a
laboratory measuring 6.0 m x 5.3 m x 3.2 m at 25ºC. What mass of each
substance will be found in the air if there is no ventilation? (The vapor pressures
are (a) 24 Torr, (b) 98 Torr, (c) 1.7 mTorr.)
3
total volume of the room:
(6.0 m)(5.3 m)(3.2 m) = 101.76 m
1
atm
101 325
.
kPa
a) p =
×
×
=
24
Torr
3 1997
.
kPa
760
Torr
1
atm
3
3
×
( .
3 1997 10
Pa
)(
101 76
.
m
)
n =
=
131 41
.
moles of water
( .
8 31451 298
)(
K
)
18 02
.
g
×
=
=
131 41
.
mol
2368
g
2 4
.
kg
of water in the room’s air
mol
b) p = 98 Torr which equals 13.066 kPa
3
3
×
( .
13 066 10
Pa
)(
101 76
.
m
)
n =
=
536 60
.
moles of benzene
( .
8 31451 298
)(
K
)
78.12 g
3
×
=
×
=
5
36.60 mol
41 92 10
.
g
42
.
kg
mol
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