Honors Chemistry Assignment Sheet With Answer Key - Unit 3 Page 4
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5Honors Chemistry
Read section “Removing Electrons from Positive Ions” (pg 145) & use internet resources
Read section “Ion Formation & Ionic Radii” (pg 154) & use internet resources
Questions (1-7):
1 a. Without looking at the ionization energy table, arrange the following elements in order of decreasing first
ionization energies: Li, O, C, K, Ne, & F.
Ne, F, O, C, K, Li
b. Which of the elements listed in (a) would you expect to have the highest second ionization energy?
Why?
+
Li, K because both now have a noble gas configuration. Li
is smaller so it would be higher.
2+
2. Is the radius of Mg
greater than, equal to, or smaller than the radius of Mg? Explain.
2+
Mg
is smaller than Mg because it has lost its 3s energy level +2 electrons.
The nucleus charge of 20 protons pulls very hard on the 18 electrons.
2-
3. Is the radius of O
greater than, equal to, or smaller than the radius of O? Explain.
2-
O
has gained 2 electrons. It has 8 protons and 10 electrons.
2-
O
will be larger in size the O because 8 protons cannot pull 10 electorns as close as 8 protons and
8 electrons (as in O).
+
2+
4.The two ions K
& Ca
each have 18 electrons surrounding the nucleus. Which would you expect to have a
smaller radius? Why? (hint: think about electron-proton attractive forces)
+
K
= 19 protons and 18 electrons
2+
Ca
= 20 protons and 18 electrons
2+
Ca
would be smaller because Ca with 20 protons pulls more on 18 electrons.
5.Account for the following in terms of models of atomic structure: Both the sulfide ion and the chloride ion
have 18 electrons. However, the radius of the sulfide ion is greater.
2-
S
= 16 protons and 18 electron
1-
Cl
= 17 protons and 18 electrons
The sulfide nucleus does not have as much of a pull on the electrons because it has only 16 protons.
It holds them looser then Cl.
+
2-
6.Rb
and Se
. Which ion has the larger radius? Explain.
+
Rb
= 37 protons and 36 electrons
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