The Reactivity Of Elements
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Grade Levels: 9-12
15 minutes
BENCHMARK MEDIA 1998
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Science lab experiments demonstrate what happens visibly and at a molecular level
with the Group 1 highly reactive metals and the Group 17 highly reactive halogens from
the periodic table. Experiments also illustrate the range of reactivity among metals.
Video has three 5-minute segments for convenience.
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Subject Area: Physical Sciences
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Standard: Understands the sources and properties of energy
Benchmark: Knows how the energy associated with individual atoms and
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molecules can be used to identify the substances they comprise; each kind of
atom or molecule can gain or lose energy only in particular discrete amounts,
and thus can absorb and emit light only at wavelengths corresponding to these
amounts
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1. To understand highly reactive metals in Group 1.
2. To understand highly reactive halogens in Group 17.
3. To understand the range of reactivity among metals.
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Alkali Metals
The reactivity of the alkali metals, Column 1 on the periodic table, increases as you
move down the family. Since the effective nuclear charge within a family is essentially
the same, the reactivity increases because of increasing size of the atoms. A size
increase occurs because of one additional energy level per row. Cesium is the most
reactive and its reaction with water is very explosive.
Lithium is the only alkali metal that reacts with nitrogen in the air to form lithium
nitride, Li3N. The stability of the ionic compound produced affects which oxide the
alkali metal will form based on the attraction of the positively charged alkali metal ion to
either the oxide, peroxide, or superoxide ion.
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