Polyatomic Ions And Naming Acids Reference Sheet
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1CHEM 161: POLYATOMIC IONS AND NAMING ACIDS
POLYATOMIC IONS
– Know the formulas and names of the following polyatomic ions:
+
2–
2–
NH
= ammonium ion
CrO
= chromate ion
CO
= carbonate ion
4
4
3
2+
2–
–
Hg
= mercury (I) ion
Cr
O
= dichromate ion
HCO
= hydrogen
2
2
7
3
2–
SO
= sulfate ion
carbonate ion
4
–
2–
–
MnO
= permanganate ion
SO
= sulfite ion
ClO
= hypochlorite ion
4
3
–
–
–
C
H
O
= acetate ion
NO
= nitrate ion
ClO
= chlorite ion
2
3
2
3
2
3–
–
–
PO
= phosphate ion
NO
= nitrite ion
ClO
= chlorate ion
4
2
3
–
–
–
CN
= cyanide ion
OH
= hydroxide ion
ClO
= perchlorate ion
4
–
2–
SCN
= thiocyanate ion
O
= peroxide ion
2
+
ACIDS: Aqueous solutions of a compound that releases H
ions
– usually have H in front, physical state indicated as aqueous (aq)
– naming depends on the ion from which the acid forms
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
to negative charge
F – = fluoride ion
HF(aq) = hydrofluoric acid
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
–
to negative charge
NO
= nitrite ion
HNO
(aq) = nitrous acid
2
2
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
to negative charge
–
NO
= nitrate ion
HNO
(aq) = nitric acid
3
3
For some acids, the stem name changes:
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
3–
to negative charge
PO
= phosphate ion
H
PO
(aq) = phosphoric acid
4
3
4
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