How Clouds Form Worksheet
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How Clouds Form – Working with Rates of Change
When it comes to your local weather report,
it’s easy to understand what the Weatherperson
means by the terms temperature and wind speed.
During the summertime, you will often hear about
‘humidity’, which is the amount of moisture carried by
the air. This term also makes a lot of sense!
When the air is carrying a lot of moisture on a
‘humid’
hot
summer’s
day,
it
feels
very
uncomfortable. Your body is trying to cool off by
perspiring. Because the air is already carrying a lot of
moisture, there is no place for your perspired water to
easily go. So you start to over-heat and feel wet all
Courtesy Katie R. Roussy (2006)
over!
University of Illinois at Urbana
Air can carry water vapor, and warm air can carry a lot more water vapor than
cold air. That’s why your skin feels wet and clammy in the summer, and you often
have problems with dry skin during the winter. Because the amount of water and air
humidity depends on temperature, your Weatherperson will often use the term ‘dew
point’ to tell you what to expect when you step outside!
When the air temperature is close to a critical temperature called the dew
point, water vapor begins to condense out of the air as droplets. The windshield of
your car will have beads of water all over, and if this happens inside your house, your
windows will cloud up with drops of moisture. That is why for some locations, indoor
air conditioners have to have a ‘dehumidifier’ to remove moisture from the air so that it
doesn’t condense on the cooler panes of window glass.
For large masses of air, millions of droplets of moisture can form in every cubic
centimeter and you see a cloud begin to appear.
The diagram above shows what happens to an ‘air mass’ with a dew point
o
temperature of 58
F as it rises to cooler altitudes. Nothing happens if the dew point
temperature is below the air temperature. But when the local air temperature equals or
is larger than the dew point, the cloud appears.
Sometimes, the local temperature near the ground can be slightly above the
dew point. When this happens, the air remains clear, but droplets of water can form on
cooler windows or on cars. When the local ground temperature is below the dew point,
droplets will condense in the air and you get ground fog!
Dew point temperature can be a confusing idea when you first work with it, but
it is such a common and practical idea that you will hear about it on your local weather
report, especially during the spring, summer and fall!
Space Math
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