Rock And Mineral Identification Lab - Science Lab Report Template Page 3
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4Mineral Identification - Diagnostic Physical Properties
Apatite
Green color, H=5, may show hexagonal crystal form
Dark or dull green color, 2 cleavages at ~90 degrees, similar properties to
Augite
Hornblende
Black color, one perfect direction of cleavage resulting in the mineral
Biotite
pealing into thin, flexible sheets, similar properties to Muscovite
Calcite
H=3, reacts with HCl, 3 directions of cleavage (rhombic cleavage)
Corundum H=9, often shows hexagonal crystal form
Dolomite
Reacts to HCL in its powdered form, similar properties to calcite
H=4, 4 directions of cleavage, often purple in color (can be white, clear,
Fluorite
yellow, green)
Galena
Gray, metallic mineral, 3 directions of cleavage (cubic)
Typically reddish brown color, no cleavage, commonly found in twelve-sided
Garnet
crystals (dodecahedrons)
Graphite
"Pencil lead", soft metallic mineral, gray streak
Gypsum
H=2, can be scratched with a fingernail
"Salt", H=2.5, cannot be scratched with a fingernail, 3 directions of cleavage
Halite
(cubic), salty taste
Hematite
Reddish brown streak, "rust"
Black to dk. green color, 2 directions of cleavage at 120 or 60 degrees,
Hornblende
similar properties to Augite
Magnetite
Magnetic, metallic mineral
Clear or translucent color, one perfect direction of cleavage resulting in the
Muscovite
mineral pealing into thin, flexible sheets, similar properties to Biotite
Apple green or yellowish green color, H=7 (often difficult to determine),
Olivine
conchoidal fracture, no cleavage
H=6, salmon pink color is typical, perthitic intergrowths are common, 2
Orthoclase
directions of cleavage at 90 degrees, similar properties to plagioclase
H=6, white or gray color, striations may be seen on cleavage surface, 2
Plagioclase
directions of cleavage at 90 degrees, similar properties to orthoclase
Pyrite
"Fool's Gold", gold metallic color
H=7, conchoidal fracture, no cleavage, color is typically white or clear but
Quartz
can be pink, red, purple, black
Sulfur
Yellow color, "rotten egg" smell if burned
Talc
H=1, very soft, easily scratched by fingernail
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