Person appears disconnected, frozen,
Check in to make sure victim / client /
Alterations in
Difficulty
Attention or
integrating
shut down
survivor is hearing and understanding your
Memory gaps
Consciousness
experience into a
statements / information. Written
Slight changes in verbal narrative (“the
coherent whole;
information may be particularly helpful for
disconnecting
clients who struggle to process information
story”) from meeting to meeting; not
from experience
verbally.
remembering previously remembered or
Be aware that changes in memory do not
(“dissociating”) as
described details
Presentation that changes from meeting
a way to manage
necessarily indicate falsehood or
overwhelming
storytelling, but may be evidence of a
to meeting (i.e., seems connected and
feelings,
trauma response.
calm one day, then very different on
Try to hold interviews or other key
thoughts, and
another)
events;
Emotional presentation that does not
conversations at a time when victim / client
disconnecting
/ survivor feels most regulated / safe, or in
match the content of the narrative
aspects of
an environment in which they feel
experience from
comfortable / supported, to minimize
Brief case example: Nicole is having her third
each other (i.e.,
dysregulation leading to disconnection.
meeting with a police investigator who is
feelings from
Offer the individual access to self‐soothing
gathering evidence related to her case. She
memories)
materials, breaks, etc. to support his/her
has described her experience twice, but this
capacity to remain present and connected.
time when asked to give further detail states
repeatedly that she does not remember, and
is unable to confirm detail that she previously
reported. Her sentences are disjointed and
brief, and she looks spacy, with minimal eye
contact.
TC‐JRI / Project REACH 2014