Elements, Atoms, Ions, And The Periodic Table Worksheet With Answers Page 2
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14These groups are number from 1 - 18, left to right and groups have their Roman numbers and
A or B classification..
Name
Elements
Common Valence
Electron Configuration
1
Group 1 (IA) -
Alkali metal:
Li, Na, K Rb, Cs, Fr
ns
2
Group 2 (IIA) -
Alkaline earth metals: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra ns
2
1
Group 13 (IIIA) - No specific name
B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
ns
3p
2
2
Group 14 (IVA) - No specific name
C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
ns
3p
2
3
Group 15 (VA) -
No specific name
N, P, As, Sb, Bi
ns
np
2
4
Group 16 (VIA) - No specific name
O, S, Se, Te, Po
ns
np
2
5
Group 17 (VIIA) - Halogens:
Cl, Br, I, At
ns
np
2
6
Group 18 (VIIIA) - Noble gases:
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn ns
np
In addition to groups in the periodic table there are three blocks of elements called transition
elements (which are labeled with B), Lanthanides and Actinides ( placed bottom of the table.
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Most of the elements in the periodic table are metals. Note the stair step line in the periodic
table. Elements to the left of the line are metals. Elements to the right of the line are
nonmetals. In between metal and non-metals there are semi-metals or metalloids. Metals lose
electrons and nonmetals gain electrons.
Ionic Compounds are formed when electrons are exchanged in this way between metals and
nonmetals.
Covalent or Molecular Compounds are formed between non metals and non metals react by
sharing electrons.
Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
The atomic number (Z) of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of
atoms of that specific element. No two element has that same number of protons. Atomic
number after it was discovered proved to be the best order without any discrepancies to arrange
the elements in the periodic table and is shown on top of the space for each element. The
atomic number will always be a whole number value without decimals. At the bottom average
atomic mass calculated based on isotopes of each elements is written.
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