Level Chemistry Transition Unit Worksheet With Answer Key - Healthcote School Page 4
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Atoms and ions
Task 2:
You will need to look at the Periodic Table to help you answer the following questions.
1 a Complete the table to show the electronic structure of the following ions.
–
+
3+
+
2–
+
2–
2+
+
2+
–
2+
Ion
F
Na
Al
K
S
H
O
Ca
Li
Mg
Cl
Be
-
+
3+
+
2-
2-
2+
+
2+
-
2+
Electronic
[2,8]
[2,8]
[2,8]
[2,8,8]
[2,8,8]
[0]+
[2,8]
[2,8,8]
[2]
[2,8]
[2,8,8]
[2]
structure
b Complete the table below to show the electronic structure of some Group 0 elements (noble
gases).Place the ions from part a into the correct row of the table.
Element
Electronic structure
Ions with the same electronic structure
2
Li, Be
He
2,8
F, Na, Al, O, Mg
Ne
2,8,8
K, S, Ca, Cl
Ar
c i Complete the table with the ions from part a. Ions for Group 1 have been done for you. Do not
+
include the H
ion.
Group
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
+
+
2+
2+
3+
2-
2-
-
-
Ions
Li
Na
Be
Mg
Al
O
S
F
Cl
2+
+
Ca
K
Charge
+1
+2
+3
-2
-1
ii Predict the charge that the following ions would have using the Periodic Table and your table.
strontium ions
+2
iodide ions
-1
rubidium ions
+1
2 Calcium atoms react with chlorine atoms to form
the ionic compound calcium chloride. Calcium
atoms each lose two electrons to form calcium
ions. Chlorine atoms each gain one electron to
form chloride ions. This means that calcium
atoms react with chlorine atoms in the ratio of
one calcium atom for every two chlorine atoms.
Complete the diagram to show the electronic
structure of the calcium and chlorine atoms and
the calcium and chloride ions.
Answer in class
3 Complete the following table about some atoms and ions. The first row has been done for you.
Particle
Atom or
Atomic
Mass
Number of
Number of
Number of
Electronic
ion
number
number
protons
neutrons
electrons
structure
16
2–
2–
O
ion
8
16
8
8
10
[2, 8]
31
P
atom
15
31
15
16
15
2,8,5
27
Al
atom
13
27
13
14
13
2,8,3
27
3+
3+
Al
ion
13
27
13
14
10
[2,8]
4
He
atom
2
4
2
4
2
2
32
2-
2–
S
Ion
16
32
16
16
18
[2, 8, 8]
24
2+
2+
Mg
ion
12
24
12
12
10
[2, 8]
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