Language Of Chemistry Worksheet With Answer Key Page 2
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5Note:
Your book includes the Latin system. You are not required to know the Latin system
in CHM130 or CHM 130LL lab. Only the Stock system will be used for naming
cations that form more than one charge.
ANIONS: negatively charged ions
Nonmetal atoms gain electrons to form anions
+4
Group IVA can be +4 for metals, -4 for nonmetals: Sn
3–
3–
Group VA elements usually form –3 ions: N
, P
2–
2–
Group VIA elements usually form –2 ions: O
, S
–
–
–
–
Group VIIA elements, Halogens, usually form –1 ions: F
, Cl
, Br
, I
Group VIIIA elements, Noble Gases, usually don’t form compounds, charge 0
As your go across the main group columns in the periodic table, the most common charges
when they are ions is +1, +2, +3, +4, -3, -2, -1, 0. Remember the elements, as neutral atoms
in their elemental state, are all charged zero.
7.3 POLYATOMIC IONS
Be able to use info on polyatomic ions on the Periodic Table provided
Always keep these atoms together as a group with their charge
7.4
WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Compounds are neutral – they have no net charge so you must have enough cations
and anions to equal zero.
–
+
make NaCl cause +1 and –1 = 0
Na
and Cl
–
+
make NaCN cause +1and –1 = 0
Na
and CN
–
2+
Ba
and Cl
make BaCl
cause +2 and 2(-1) = 0
2
3+
2–
Al
and O
make Al
O
cause 2(+3) and 3(-2) = 0
2
3
Cu(II) and Br
make CuBr
cause +2 and 2(-1) = 0
2
B. Polyatomic ions are just the same, remember to keep them together as a group
Express more than one polyatomic ion with subscripts and parentheses.
–
2+
Sr
and NO
make Sr(NO
)
cause +2 and 2(-1) = 0
3
3
2
3+
2–
Fe
and CO
make Fe
(CO
)
cause 2(+3) and 3(-2) = 0
3
2
3
3
7.5 - 7.6 Naming IONIC COMPOUNDS
The name is always the cation (usually metal) first then the anion + suffix ide. Don’t change
the name for polyatomic ions to end in ide. For variable charge metals use a Roman Numeral
to indicate the metal’s charge. How do you figure out the charge on a variable charge metal?
Well you look at the anion’s charge.
Metal name + nonmetal name + “ide” for known charged metal
Metals name(charge of metal) + nonmetal name + “ide” for variable charged metal
What is the name for NaCl? Sodium chloride (no Roman # since know Na is +1)
CHM 130: Chapter 7
page 2 of
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