Ionic Molecules And The Born Haber Cycle Page 4
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4(g) CaO(s)
Ca(s) + ½ O
2
The following step are required:
Ca(s) Ca(g)
sublimation
+178 kJ/mol
Ca(g) Ca
+
-
(g) + e
first ionication
+589 kJ/mol
(g) Ca
+
2+
-
Ca
(g) + e
second ionization
+1040
kJ/mol
(g) O(g)
½ O
bond energy
½ (+247 kJ/mol)
2
O
-
-
O(g) + e
(g)
electron affinity of O
-141 kJ/mol
O
-
-
2-
-
O
+ e
(g)
electron affinity of O
+878 kJ/mol
(g) CaO(s)
2-
2+
O
(g) + Ca
lattice energy
-3,100
kJ/mol
(g) CaO(s)
Ca(s) + ½ O
enthalpy of reaction
-309 kJ
2
(g) NaF(s)
2+
2-
Na
(g) + F
Na(s) Na(g)
sublimation
109 kJ/mol
Na(g) Na
+
-
(g) + e
first ionization
495 kJ/mol
(g) Na
+
2+
-
Na
+ e
second ionization
4560 kJ/mol
(g) F(g)
½ F
bond energy
77 kJ/mol
2
F
-
-
F(g) + e
(g)
electron affinity
-328 kJ/mol
F
-
-
2-
F
(g) + e
(g)
electron affinity
+1250
kJ/mol
(g) NaF lattice energy
2+
2-
Na
(g) + F
-3692 kJ/mol
(g) NaF(s)
2+
2-
Na
(g) + F
enthalpy of reaction
kJ
+2471
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