Electron Configurations - Periodicity Questions And Answers Page 2
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2
36.
Which of the following sets of quantum numbers describe an impossible situation? Explain why.
a. n = 2, l = 1, m
= 2, m
maximum value for m
= +½
is +l
l
s
l
= ½
b. n = 5, l = 2, m
= 1, m
OK
l
s
c. n = 6, l = 5, m
= 0, m
m
= 0
must be +½ or -½
l
s
s
= ½
d. n = 3, l = 3, m
= 1, m
maximum value for l = n-1
l
s
e. n = 4, l = 2, m
= 1, m
= +½
OK
l
s
7.
Arrange the elements S, Ge, P, and Si in order of increasing atomic size. S < P < Si < Ge
Increase from right to left and down from top to bottom.
+
+
+
+
8.
Arrange the ions Na
, K
, Cl
, and Br
in order of increasing size. Na
< K
< Cl
< Br
+
K
and Cl
are isoelectronic; the negative ion is the larger of the two (the nuclear charge is greater for
+
+
the positive ion). Br
is larger than K
and Cl
. Na+ is smaller than K
and Cl
.
9.
Arrange the elements Be, Ca, N, and P in order of increasing ionization. Ca < Be < P < N
Elements lying close to a diagonal like Be and P are difficult to predict. Notice that Si, to the left of
P, has an ionization energy less than Be.
10. Which one of each of the following pairs would you expect to have the highest electron affinity?
a. Cl or Cl
Cl; the Cl
ion has a complete shell and zero electron affinity.
Cl has room in the 3p shell with 17 protons attracting the electron.
b. Na or K
Na; you would expect the electron affinity to increase up a group.
c. Br or I
Br; you would expect the electron affinity to increase up a group; an exception is a decrease
from Cl to F—attributed to electron-electron affinity in the very small fluoride ion.
12. Which elements fit the following descriptions:
a. the smallest alkaline earth metal
Be
14
10
1
b. has a valence shell configuration 4f
5d
6s
Au
c. the halogen with the lowest ionization energy
At or I
10
1
2
d. has 13 more electrons than argon
Ga [Ar] 3d
4s
4p
e. the smallest non metal
H
(I think He – see the discussion for Ne’s atomic radius on question 13!—Mr. Groves)
f. the Group 4A element with the largest ionization energy
C
10
3+
g. its 3+ ion has the electron configuration [Kr] 4d
In
This next question is included for your information. Subtleties in how to measure atoms shows up here.
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