Chemical Structure And Properties Worksheet Template (Page 2 of 2) in pdf

Chemical Structure And Properties Worksheet Template Page 2

Structure and Properties Part 1 (Quick Answers)

Attractive electrostatic forces.

This is because of the strong attractive electrostatic forces holding the

oppositely charged ions together and the large number of ionic bonds in the

crystal lattice. These require a lot of energy to break and hence have high

melting and boiling points.

Molten ionic compounds can conduct electricity because the ions are free

to move around within the molten compounds.

Ionic compounds in solution can conduct electricity because the water

molecules separate ions from the lattice meaning ions are free to move

around within the solution.

The ions are fixed in the lattice. They can vibrate but cannot move

around so therefore doesn’t conduct electricity.

Very strong.

Weak (compared with the forces between atoms held together by a

covalent bond)

The molecules have no overall electric charge to carry the electric

current.

This is because the forces between simple molecules are weak.

Overcoming these forces does not take much energy so melting and boiling

points are low.

Giant covalent structures (or macromolecules).

10. They have high melting and boiling points, they’re hard and they’re

insoluble in water.

11. Diamond, graphite, silicon dioxide.

12. Graphite can conduct electricity because of the delocalised (free)

electrons in its structure. These arise because each carbon atom is only

bonded to 3 other carbon atoms. This leaves 1 electron to become

delocalised. However, in diamond, all 4 outer electrons on each carbon

atom are used in covalent bonding, so there are no delocalised electrons.

13. Fullerenes are made from the element carbon that can form a large cage-

like structure, based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms.

14. Other molecules can be placed inside fullerenes. This has exciting

possibilities including the delivery of drugs to specific parts of the body.

Chemical Structure And Properties Worksheet Template Page 2