Chemical Algebra And Types Of Chemical Reactions Page 2
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1
29. Many metal halides react with water to produce the metal oxide (or hydroxide) and the appropriate hydrogen halide.
For example,
O(g) → TiO
TiCl
(l) + 2 H
(s) + 4 HCl(aq)
4
2
2
a) Name the four compounds involved in this reaction.
b) If you begin with 14.0 g of TiCl
, what mass of water, in grams, is required for complete reaction, and what mass
4
of each product is expected?
10. Disulfur dichloride, S
Cl
, is used to vulcanize rubber. It can be made by treating molten sulfur with gaseous chlorine.
2
2
(g) → S
S
(l) + 4 Cl
Cl
(g)
8
2
2
2
a) What class of reactions does this belong to?
b) Starting with a mixture of 32.0 g of sulfur and 71.0 g of Cl
, which is the limiting reactant? What mass of S
Cl
(in
2
2
2
grams) can be produced? What mass of the excess reactant remains when the limiting reactant is consumed?
11. Diborane, B
H
, is a valuable compound in the synthesis of new organic compounds. One of the several ways this
2
6
boron compound can be made is by the reaction
(s) → B
2 NaBH
(s) + I
H
(g) + 2 NaI(s) + H
(g)dioxide.
4
2
2
6
2
a) Classify the reaction type.
b) Suppose you use 1.203 g of NaBH
and excess iodine and obtain 0.295 g of B
H
. What is the percent yield of
4
2
6
B
H
?
2
6
12. A sample of limestone and other soil materials is heated, and the limestone decomposes to give calcium oxide and
carbon dioxide. A 1.506-g sample of limestone-containing material gives 0.711 g of CaO, after being heated at a high
temperature.
a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction, including the states of matter.
b) What class of chemical reactions does this belong to?
c) What is the weight percent of CaCO
in the original sample?
3
13. To find the formula of a compound composed of iron and carbon monoxide, Fe
(CO)
, the compound is reacted with
x
y
pure oxygen, a reaction that proceeds according to the following, unbalanced equation:
(g) → Fe
Fe
(CO)
(s) + O
O
(s) + CO
(g)
x
y
2
2
3
2
a) What class of reactions does this belong to?
b) If you react 1.959 g of Fe
(CO)
and obtain 0.799 g of Fe
O
and 2.200 g of CO
, what is the empirical formula of
x
y
2
3
2
Fe
(CO)
?
x
y
14. Some K
Cr
O
, 2.335 g, is dissolved in enough water to make 500. mL of solution. What is the molarity of the
2
2
7
+
2–
potassium dichromate? What are the molar concentrations of the K
and Cr
O
ions?
2
7
15. If you dilute 25.0 mL of 1.50 M hydrochloric acid to 500. mL, what is the molar concentration of the diluted acid?
16. One of the several ways diborane, B
H
, can be prepared is by the following reaction:
2
6
(aq) → 2 H
2 NaBH
(aq) + H
SO
(g) + Na
SO
(aq) + B
H
(g)
4
2
4
2
2
4
2
6
How many milliliters of 0.0875 M H
SO
should be used to consume completely 1.35 g of NaBH
? What mass of
2
4
4
B
H
can be obtained?
2
6
17. Potassium acid phthalate, KHC
H
O
(molar mass = 204.22 g/mol), is used to standardize solutions of bases. The
8
4
4
acidic anion reacts with strong bases (such as NaOH or KOH) according to the following net ionic equation:
–
–
2–
(aq) → C
HC
H
O
(aq) + OH
H
O
(aq) + H
O(l)
8
4
4
8
4
4
2
If a 0.902-g sample of potassium acid phthalate is dissolved in water and titrated to the equivalence point with 26.45
mL of NaOH, what is the molarity of the NaOH?
18. You wish to determine the weight percent of copper in a copper-containing alloy. After dissolving a sample of an alloy
2+
–
in acid, an excess of KI is added, and the Cu
and I
ions undergo the reaction:
2+
–
(aq) → 2 CuI(s) + I
–
2 Cu
(aq) + 5 I
(aq)
3
–
The liberated I
is titrated with sodium thiosulfate according to the equation
3
–
2–
(aq) → S
2–
–
I
(aq) + 2 S
O
O
(aq) + 3 I
(aq)
3
2
3
4
6
If 26.32 mL of 0.101 M Na
S
O
is required for titration to the equivalence point, what is the weight percent of Cu in
2
2
3
0.251 g of the alloy?
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