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TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

USING THE AMA FORMAT

The AMA format is widely used for citing sources in medical research. This information, created

by the American Medical Association, is taken from AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors

and Editors (10

Edition). For additional guidelines, please consult the manual at the Client

Services Desk of the Medical Sciences Library.

CITATIONS IN THE BODY OF THE PAPER

Cite each source in numerical order using superscript Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3…). Put these

numerals outside commas and periods, and inside semicolons and colons (see examples below).

Put a comma (no space in front) between the numbers for multiple citations (see Example 2).

Join a closed series with a hyphen (see Example 3).

Example 1: A review of regulations has been complete by the WHO.

3,4

Example 2: The data were as follows

11‐14,25

Example 3: As previously reported,

CITATIONS IN THE REFERENCE LIST

At the end of the document, list references numerically in the order by which they were cited

in the text. Single‐space within citations and double‐spaces between citations. (Cite references

parenthetically in the text if a work is not yet accepted for publication or is a personal

communication. See AMA Manual of Style, 10

Edition, for more specifics.)

BOOKS

Book with One Author:

1. Sacks O. Uncle Tungsten. New York, NY: Alfred A Knopf; 2001.

Book with Two to Six Authors: Separate the authors’ names using a comma.

Book with Seven or More Authors: List the first three authors, and then put “et al.”

Book with an Editor:

2. Galanter M, ed. Services Research in the Era of Managed Care. New York, NY: Kluwer

Academic/Plenum; 2001.

Book by an Organization:

3. World Health Organization. Injury: A Leading Cause of the Global Burden of Disease,

2000. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002.

Book of Second or Later Edition:

1. Adkinson N, Yunginger J, Busse W, Bochner B, Holgate S, Middleton E, eds. Middleton’s

Allergy: Principles and Practice. 6th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2003.

Learing and Outreach Services

Summer 2009

Using The Ama Format