The Great War - History Book Chapter Page 14
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A Global Conflict
MAIN IDEA
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
TERMS & NAMES
ECONOMICS World War I
The war propelled the United
• unrestricted
• rationing
spread to several continents and
States to a new position of
submarine
• propaganda
required the full resources of
international power, which it
warfare
• armistice
many governments.
holds today.
• total war
SETTING THE STAGE
World War I was much more than a European conflict.
Australia and Japan, for example, entered the war on the Allies’ side, while India
supplied troops to fight alongside their British rulers. Meanwhile, the Ottoman
Turks and later Bulgaria allied themselves with Germany and the Central Powers.
As the war promised to be a grim, drawn-out affair, all the Great Powers looked
for other allies around the globe to tip the balance. They also sought new war
fronts on which to achieve victory.
War Affects the World
TAKING NOTES
Recognizing Effects Use
As the war dragged on, the main combatants looked beyond Europe for a way to
a web diagram to show
end the stalemate. However, none of the alliances they formed or new battle-
the effects of World War I.
fronts they opened did much to end the slow and grinding conflict.
The Gallipoli Campaign
A promising strategy for the Allies seemed to be to
attack a region in the Ottoman Empire known as the Dardanelles. This narrow
Effects of WWI
sea strait was the gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople. By securing
the Dardanelles, the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople, defeat
the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia.
The effort to take the Dardanelles strait
Gallipoli Campaign
began in February 1915. It was known as the
B l a c k S e a
Gallipoli campaign. British, Australian,
New Zealand, and French troops made
Bosporus
repeated assaults on the Gallipoli Peninsula
Constantinople
on the western side of the strait. Turkish
Gallipoli
Sea of
Peninsula
Marmara
troops, some commanded by German offi-
cers, vigorously defended the region. By
Dardanelles
May, Gallipoli had turned into another
Ae g e a n
bloody stalemate. Both sides dug trenches,
Se a
0
100 Miles
from which they battled for the rest of the
0
200 Kilometers
year. In December, the Allies gave up the
campaign and began to evacuate. They had suffered about 250,000 casualties.
Battles in Africa and Asia
In various parts of Asia and Africa, Germany’s colonial
possessions came under assault. The Japanese quickly overran German outposts in
851
The Great War
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