Molecules And Compounds - Chemistry Worksheet Page 8
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95.8 NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (OR MOLECULES)
Binary molecular compound: consists of 2 types of nonmetal atoms held together by
covalent bonds
When naming, # of atoms of element indicated by Greek prefix before element name.
1. For first element, Greek prefix + element name
2. For second element, Greek prefix + element name stem + "ide"
– When only one atom, “mono-” is generally omitted, except in CO=carbon monoxide.
# of atoms
Greek prefix
# of atoms
Greek prefix
1
mono
6
hexa
2
di
7
hepta
3
tri
8
octa
4
tetra
9
nona
5
penta
10
deca
CO
= carbon dioxide
2
SF
= ___________________________
PCl
= __________________________
6
3
Cl
O
=
___________________________
N
S
= __________________________
2
7
2
5
Note: Greek prefixes are only used for binary molecular compounds—NEVER for
ionic compounds! NEVER use a Greek prefix to name metal cations or any
anions!
Some binary molecular compounds also have common names.
– e.g., everyone knows (or should know) H
O is water.
2
Molecules with common names that you must know:
NH
= ammonia
CH
= methane
H
O
= hydrogen peroxide
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2
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5.9 NAMING ACIDS
aqueous solution (aq): a substance consisting of ions or compounds dissolved in water
+
acid: a substance that releases hydrogen (H
) ions in water
– easy to recognize because the chemical formula usually starts with “H”
– binary acid: consists of hydrogen and another nonmetal
– e.g. HCl(aq), H
S(aq)
2
– ternary oxyacid: consists of hydrogen and a polyatomic ion with oxygen
– e.g. H
SO
(aq), HNO
(aq), H
PO
(aq)
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CHEM 139: Tro Chapter 5
page 8 of 9
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